Tajikistan

total:

11.96 cu km/yr (4%/5%/92%)

per capita:

1,837 cu m/yr (2000)

• inadequate sanitation facilities;
• increasing levels of soil salinity;
• industrial pollution;
• excessive pesticides

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

• landlocked;
• mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast;
• highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR

at birth:

1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.74 male(s)/female

total population:

0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

degree of risk:

high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

vectorborne disease:

malaria (2008)

noun:

Tajikistani(s)

adjective:

Tajikistani

conventional long form:

Republic of Tajikistan

conventional short form:

Tajikistan

local long form:

Jumhurii Tojikiston

local short form:

Tojikiston

former:

Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic

name:

Dushanbe

geographic coordinates:

38 35 N, 68 48 E

time difference:

UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• 2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor);
• Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand)

note: the administrative center name follows in parentheses

• based on civil law system;
• no judicial review of legislative acts;
• has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

chief of state:

President Emomali RAHMON (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992)

head of government:

Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term);
• election last held 6 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2013);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

Emomali RAHMON reelected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMON 79.3%, Olimzon BOBOYEV 6.2%, other 14.5%

• Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Amir KARAKULOV];
• Democratic Party or DPT [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV (imprisoned October 2005); Rahmatullo VALIYEV, deputy];
• Islamic Revival Party [Muhiddin KABIRI];
• Party of Economic Reform or PER [Olimzon BOBOYEV];
• People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMON];
• Social Democratic Party or SDPT [Rahmatullo ZOYIROV];
• Socialist Party or SPT [Mirhuseyn NARZIYEV];
• Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV]

• Agrarian Party [Hikmatullo NASREDDINOV] (unregistered political party);
• Democratic Party or DPT [Masud SOBIROV] (splintered from Iskanderov's DPT);
• Progressive Party [Sulton QUVVATOV];
• Socialist Party or SPT [Abdualim GHAFFOROV] (splintered from Narziyev's SPT);
• Unity Party [Hikmatullo SAIDOV]

other:

splinter parties recognized by the government but not by the base of the party; unregistered political parties

chief of mission:

Ambassador Abdujabbor SHIRINOV

chancery:

1005 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037

telephone:

[1] (202) 223-6090

FAX:

[1] (202) 223-6091

chief of mission:

Ambassador Tracey Ann JACOBSON

embassy:

109-A Ismoili Somoni Avenue, Dushanbe 734019

mailing address:

7090 Dushanbe Place, Dulles, VA 20189

telephone:

[992] (37) 229-20-00

FAX:

[992] (37) 229-20-50

• three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green;
• a gold crown surmounted by seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe

agriculture:

67.2%

industry:

7.5%

services:

25.3% (2000 est.)

lowest 10%:

3.3%

highest 10%:

25.6% (2007 est.)

general assessment:

poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not linked to the national network

domestic:

• the domestic telecommunications network has historically been under funded and poorly maintained;
• main line availability has not changed significantly since 1998;
• cellular telephone use is growing but geographic coverage remains limited

international:

• country code - 992;
• linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch;
• Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey);
• satellite earth stations - 3 (2 Intelsat and 1 Orbita) (2006)

total:

482 km

broad gauge:

482 km 1.520-m gauge (2006)

males age 16-49:

1,897,356

females age 16-49:

1,911,594 (2008 est.)

males age 16-49:

1,391,287

females age 16-49:

1,561,826 (2008 est.)

male:

84,137

female:

81,777 (2008 est.)

• in 2006, China and Tajikistan pledged to commence demarcation of the revised boundary agreed to in the delimitation of 2002;
• talks continue with Uzbekistan to delimit border and remove minefields;
• disputes in Isfara Valley delay delimitation with Kyrgyzstan

current situation:

• Tajikistan is a source country for women trafficked through Kyrgyzstan and Russia to the UAE, Turkey, and Russia for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation;
• men are trafficked to Russia and Kazakhstan for the purpose of forced labor, primarily in the construction and agricultural industries;
• boys and girls are trafficked internally for various purposes, including forced labor and forced begging

tier rating:

• Tier 2 Watch List - Tajikistan is on the Tier 2 Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat human trafficking, especially efforts to investigate, prosecute, convict, and sentence traffickers;
• despite evidence of low- and mid-level officials' complicity in trafficking, the government did not punish any public officials for trafficking complicity during 2007;
• lack of capacity and poor coordination between government institutions remained key obstacles to effective anti-trafficking efforts (2008)

• major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets;
• limited illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption;
• Tajikistan seizes roughly 80% of all drugs captured in Central Asia and stands third worldwide in seizures of opiates (heroin and raw opium);
• significant consumer of opiates