The CIA World Factbook Edition 2024 Government
Government type In 36 editions of 36.
Government type was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 2024 edition carries it in 235 entries, in its Government section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.
- entries in the 2024 edition
- 235
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Government type” (1997 to 2025), “Type” (1990 to 1995) and “Type of government” (1996).
the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Government type, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.
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Entries with Government type in each edition
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Africa
55 entriesNiger
formerly, semi-presidential republic
Note: on 26 July 2023, the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, a military junta which took control of Niger's government, dissolved all government institutions, and rules by decree
Antarctic Region
1 entryAntarctica
Antarctic Treaty Summary - the Antarctic region is governed by a system known as the Antarctic Treaty system; the system includes: 1. the Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, which establishes the legal framework for the management of Antarctica, 2. Measures, Decisions, and Resolutions adopted at Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings, 3. The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972), 4. The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980), and 5. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (1991); the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings operate by consensus (not by vote) of all consultative parties at annual Treaty meetings; by January 2024, there were 56 treaty member nations: 29 consultative and 27 non-consultative; consultative (decision-making) members include the seven nations that claim portions of Antarctica as national territory (some claims overlap) and 22 non-claimant nations; the US and Russia have reserved the right to make claims; the US does not recognize the claims of others; Antarctica is administered through meetings of the consultative member nations; measures adopted at these meetings are carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own nationals and operations) in accordance with their own national laws; the years in parentheses indicate when a consultative member-nation acceded to the Treaty and when it was accepted as a consultative member, while no date indicates the country was an original 1959 treaty signatory; claimant nations are - Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, NZ, Norway, and the UK; nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgium, Brazil (1975/1983), Bulgaria (1978/1998), China (1983/1985), Czechia (1962/2014), Ecuador (1987/1990), Finland (1984/1989), Germany (1979/1981), India (1983/1983), Italy (1981/1987), Japan, South Korea (1986/1989), Netherlands (1967/1990), Peru (1981/1989), Poland (1961/1977), Russia, South Africa, Spain (1982/1988), Sweden (1984/1988), Ukraine (1992/2004), Uruguay (1980/1985), and the US; non-consultative members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Austria (1987), Belarus (2006), Canada (1988), Colombia (1989), Costa Rica (2022) Cuba (1984), Denmark (1965), Estonia (2001), Greece (1987), Guatemala (1991), Hungary (1984), Iceland (2015), Kazakhstan (2015), North Korea (1987), Malaysia (2011), Monaco (2008), Mongolia (2015), Pakistan (2012), Papua New Guinea (1981), Portugal (2010), Romania (1971), San Marino (2023), Slovakia (1962/1993), Slovenia (2019), Switzerland (1990), Turkey (1996), and Venezuela (1999); note - Czechoslovakia acceded to the Treaty in 1962 and separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993; Article 1 - area to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, such as weapons testing, is prohibited, but military personnel and equipment may be used for scientific research or any other peaceful purpose; Article 2 - freedom of scientific investigation and cooperation shall continue; Article 3 - free exchange of information and personnel, cooperation with the UN and other international agencies; Article 4 - does not recognize, dispute, or establish territorial claims and no new claims shall be asserted while the treaty is in force; Article 5 - prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes; Article 6 - includes under the treaty all land and ice shelves south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south and reserves high seas rights; Article 7 - treaty-state observers have free access, including aerial observation, to any area and may inspect all stations, installations, and equipment; advance notice of all expeditions and of the introduction of military personnel must be given; Article 8 - allows for jurisdiction over observers and scientists by their own states; Article 9 - frequent consultative meetings take place among member nations; Article 10 - treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty; Article 11 - disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, ultimately, by the International Court of Justice; Articles 12, 13, 14 - deal with upholding, interpreting, and amending the treaty among involved nations; other agreements - some 200 measures adopted at treaty consultative meetings and approved by governments; the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed 4 October 1991 and entered into force 14 January 1998; this agreement provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment and includes five annexes that have entered into force: 1) environmental impact assessment, 2) conservation of Antarctic fauna and flora, 3) waste disposal and waste management, 4) prevention of marine pollution, 5) area protection and management; a sixth annex addressing liability arising from environmental emergencies has yet to enter into force; the Protocol prohibits all activities relating to mineral resources except scientific research; a permanent Antarctic Treaty Secretariat was established in 2004 in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Arctic Region
3 entriesAsia
22 entriesArmenia
parliamentary democracy; note - constitutional changes adopted in December 2015 transformed the government to a parliamentary system
Central America and the Caribbean
32 entriesBahamas, The now The Bahamas
parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Belize
parliamentary democracy (National Assembly) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
British Virgin Islands
Overseas Territory of the UK with limited self-government; parliamentary democracy
Puerto Rico
- unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government;
- republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches;
- note - reference Puerto Rican Federal Relations Act, 2 March 1917, as amended by Public Law 600, 3 July 1950
Saint Kitts and Nevis
federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Virgin Islands
- unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government;
- republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches
Europe
48 entriesAndorra
- parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains its chiefs of state in the form of a co-principality;
- the two princes are the President of France and Bishop of Seu d'Urgell, Spain
Middle East
15 entriesCyprus
Republic of Cyprus - presidential republic; self-declared "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC) - parliamentary republic with enhanced presidency
note: a separation of the two main ethnic communities inhabiting the island began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified when a Greek military-junta-supported coup attempt prompted the Turkish military intervention in July 1974 that gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government on the island; on 15 November 1983, then Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTAS declared independence and the formation of the "TRNC,” which is recognized only by Turkey
North America
5 entriesCanada
- federal parliamentary democracy (Parliament of Canada) under a constitutional monarchy;
- a Commonwealth realm;
- federal and state authorities and responsibilities regulated in constitution
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
parliamentary democracy (Territorial Council); overseas collectivity of France
Oceania
25 entriesAmerican Samoa
- unincorporated, unorganized Territory of the US with local self-government;
- republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches
French Polynesia
parliamentary democracy (Assembly of French Polynesia); an overseas collectivity of France
Guam
- unincorporated organized territory of the US with local self-government;
- republican form of territorial government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches
Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia
federal republic in free association with the US
Norfolk Island
- non-self-governing overseas territory of Australia;
- note - the Norfolk Island Regional Council, which began operations 1 July 2016, is responsible for planning and managing a variety of public services, including those funded by the Government of Australia
Northern Mariana Islands
- a commonwealth in political union with and under the sovereignty of the US;
- republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches
South America
13 entriesFalkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
parliamentary democracy (Legislative Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK
Southeast Asia
16 entriesHong Kong
presidential limited democracy; a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China
Macau
executive-led limited democracy; a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China
Malaysia
federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
note: all Peninsular Malaysian states have hereditary rulers (commonly referred to as sultans) except Melaka (Malacca) and Pulau Pinang (Penang); those two states along with Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia have governors appointed by government; powers of state governments are limited by the federal constitution; under terms of federation, Sabah and Sarawak retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., right to maintain their own immigration controls)
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 2024, “Government type”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/government-type/2024.