The CIA World Factbook Edition 1990 Government
Government type In 36 editions of 36.
Government type was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1990 edition carries it in 240 entries, in its Government section, under the heading “Type”. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.
- entries in the 1990 edition
- 240
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Government type” (1997 to 2025), “Type” (1990 to 1995) and “Type of government” (1996).
the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Government type, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.
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Entries with Government type in each edition
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Africa
61 entriesBassas da India
French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Daniel CONSTANTIN, resident in Reunion
Benin
- dropped Marxism-Leninism December 1989;
- democratic reforms adopted February 1990;
- transition to multiparty system by 1991 planned
Europa Island
French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Daniel CONSTANTIN, resident in Reunion
Glorioso Islands
French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Daniel CONSTANTIN, resident in Reunion
Juan de Nova Island
French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Daniel CONSTANTIN, resident in Reunion
Libya
- Jamahiriya (a state of the masses);
- in theory, governed by the populace through local councils;
- in fact, a military dictatorship
Mauritania
- republic;
- military first seized power in bloodless coup 10 July 1978;
- a palace coup that took place on 24 December 1984 brought President Taya to power
Tromelin Island
French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic Daniel CONSTANTIN, resident in Reunion
Western Sahara
- legal status of territory and question of sovereignty unresolved;
- territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro);
- territory partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds;
- Mauritania, under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in August 1979;
- Morocco moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control;
- the Polisario's government in exile was seated as an OAU member in 1984;
- guerrilla activities continue to the present
Antarctic Region
5 entriesAntarctica
The Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, established, for at least 30 years, a legal framework for peaceful use, scientific research, and suspension of territorial claims. Administration is carried out through consultative member meetings--the 14th and last meeting was held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in October 1987. Consultative (voting) members include claimant nations (they claim portions of Antarctica as national territory and some claims overlap) and nonclaimant nations (they have made no claims to Antarctic territory, although the US and USSR have reserved the right to do so and do not recognize the claims of others); the year in parentheses indicates when an acceding nation was voted to full consultative (voting) status, while no date indicates an original 1959 treaty signatory.
Claimant nations are--Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK. Nonclaimant nations are--Belgium, Brazil (1983), China (1985), FRG (1981), GDR (1987), India (1983), Italy (1987), Japan, Poland (1977), South Africa, Uruguay (1985), US, and the USSR. Acceding (nonvoting) members, with year of accession in parenthesis, are--Austria (1987), Bulgaria (1978), Cuba (1984), Czechoslovakia (1962), Denmark (1965), Finland (1984), Greece (1987), Hungary (1984), Netherlands (1987), North Korea (1987), Papua New Guinea (1981), Peru (1981), Romania (1971), South Korea (1986), Spain (1982), and Sweden (1984).
French Southern and Antarctic Lands
overseas territory of France governed by High Administrator Claude CORBIER (since NA 1988)
Heard Island and McDonald Islands
territory of Australia administered by the Antarctic Division of the Department of Science in Canberra (Australia)
Arctic Region
4 entriesSvalbard
- territory of Norway administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen;
- by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway
Asia
14 entriesNepal
constitutional monarchy, but King Birendra exercises control over multitiered system of government
Central America and the Caribbean
32 entriesAruba
part of the Dutch realm--full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles
Virgin Islands
organized, unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Europe
37 entriesAndorra
unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by officials called verguers
Romania
former Communist state; current multiparty provisional government has scheduled a general democratic election for 20 May 1990
Middle East
17 entriesCyprus
- republic;
- a disaggregation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began after the outbreak of communal strife in 1963;
- this separation was further solidified following the Turkish invasion of the island in July 1974, which gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north;
- Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government;
- on 15 November 1983 Turkish Cypriot President Rauf Denktash declared independence and the formation of a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which has been recognized only by Turkey;
- both sides publicly call for the resolution of intercommunal differences and creation of a new federal system of government
Iraq - Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone
- joint administration by Iraq and Saudi Arabia;
- in July 1975, Iraq and Saudi Arabia signed an agreement to divide the zone between them, but the agreement must be ratified, however, before it becomes effective.
United Arab Emirates
federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE central government and other powers reserved to member shaykhdoms
North America
6 entriesClipperton Island
French possession administered by High Commissioner of the Republic Jean MONTPEZAT, resident in French Polynesia
Oceania
34 entriesBaker Island
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Cook Islands
- self-governing in free association with New Zealand;
- Cook Islands fully responsible for internal affairs;
- New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs, in consultation with the Cook Islands
Coral Sea Islands
territory of Australia administered by the Minister for Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism, and Territories Graham Richardson
Fiji
military coup leader Major General Sitiveni Rabuka formally declared Fiji a republic on 6 October 1987
Howland Island
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System
Jarvis Island
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System
Johnston Atoll
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Marshall Islands
constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 21 October 1986
Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia
constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986
Midway Islands
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Navy, under command of the Barbers Point Naval Air Station in Hawaii and managed cooperatively by the US Navy and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System
Northern Mariana Islands
commonwealth associated with the US and administered by the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau
- UN trusteeship administered by the US;
- constitutional government signed a Compact of Free Association with the US on 10 January 1986, after approval in a series of UN-observed plebiscites;
- until the UN trusteeship is terminated with entry into force of the Compact, Palau remains under US administration as the Palau District of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
Palmyra Atoll
- unincorporated territory of the US;
- privately owned,
- but administered by the Office of Territorial and International Affairs,
- US Department of the Interior
Wake Island
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Air Force (under an agreement with the US Department of Interior) since 24 June 1972
South America
14 entriesSoutheast Asia
16 entriesAshmore and Cartier Islands
territory of Australia administered by the Australian Ministry for Territories and Local Government
Cambodia
disputed between the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK) led by Prince NORODOM SIHANOUK and the People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) led by HENG SAMRIN
Malaysia
- Federation of Malaysia formed 9 July 1963;
- constitutional monarchy nominally headed by the paramount ruler (king) and a bicameral Parliament composed of a 58-member Senate and a 177-member House of Representatives;
- Peninsular Malaysian states--hereditary rulers in all but Penang and Melaka, where governors are appointed by Malaysian Government;
- powers of state governments are limited by federal Constitution;
- Sabah--self-governing state, holds 20 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government;
- Sarawak--self-governing state within Malaysia, holds 24 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1990, “Government type”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/government-type/1990.