The CIA World Factbook Edition 1990 People

Organized labor In 3 editions of 36.

Organized labor was published in 3 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 1992. The 1990 edition carries it in 217 entries, in its People section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 1990 edition
217
the first edition with it
1990
the latest edition with it
1992

Published as “Organized labor” (1990 to 1992).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Organized labor, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Organized labor in each edition

19902000201020202025

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World

1 entry

World

NA

Africa

56 entries

Algeria

16-19% of labor force claimed; General Union of Algerian Workers (UGTA) is the only labor organization and is subordinate to the National Liberation Front

Angola

  • about 450,695 (1980)

Benin

about 75% of wage earners

Botswana

19 trade unions

Burkina now Burkina Faso

four principal trade union groups represent less than 1% of population

Burundi

  • sole group is the Union of Burundi Workers (UTB);
  • by charter, membership is extended to all Burundi workers (informally);
  • figures denoting active membership unobtainable

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

Trade Unions of Cape Verde Unity Center (UNTC-CS) closely associated with ruling party

Cameroon

under 45% of wage labor force

Central African Republic

1% of labor force

Chad

about 20% of wage labor force

Comoros

NA

Zaire now Democratic Republic of the Congo

National Union of Workers of Zaire (UNTZA) is the only trade union

Congo now Republic of the Congo

20% of labor force (1979 est.)

Ivory Coast now Cote d'Ivoire

20% of wage labor force

Djibouti

3,000 railway workers

Egypt

2,500,000 (est.)

Equatorial Guinea

no formal trade unions

Swaziland now Eswatini

about 10% of wage earners

Ethiopia

All Ethiopian Trade Union formed by the government in January 1977 to represent 273,000 registered trade union members

Gabon

there are 38,000 members of the national trade union, the Gabonese Trade Union Confederation (COSYGA)

The Gambia

25-30% of wage labor force

Ghana

467,000 (about 13% of labor force)

Guinea

virtually 100% of wage earners loosely affiliated with the National Confederation of Guinean Workers

Guinea-Bissau

only one trade union--the National Union of Workers of Guinea-Bissau (UNTG)

Kenya

390,000 (est.)

Lesotho

there are two trade union federations; the government favors formation of a single, umbrella trade union confederation

Liberia

2% of labor force

Libya

  • National Trade Unions' Federation, 275,000 members;
  • General Union for Oil and Petrochemicals;
  • Pan-Africa Federation of Petroleum Energy and Allied Workers

Madagascar

4% of labor force

Malawi

small minority of wage earners are unionized

Mali

National Union of Malian Workers (UNTM) is umbrella organization for over 13 national unions

Mauritania

30,000 members claimed by single union, Mauritanian Workers' Union

Mauritius

35% of labor force in more than 270 unions

Mayotte

NA

Morocco

about 5% of the labor force, mainly in the Union of Moroccan Workers (UMT) and the Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT)

Mozambique

225,000 workers belong to a single union, the Mozambique Workers' Organization (OTM)

Namibia

15 trade unions--largest is the mineworkers' union which has a sizable black membership

Niger

negligible

Nigeria

3,520,000 wage earners belong to 42 recognized trade unions, which come under a single national labor federation--the Nigerian Labor Congress (NLC)

Reunion

General Confederation of Workers of Reunion (CGTR)

Rwanda

NA

St. Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

  • St. Helena General Workers' Union, 472 members;
  • 17% crafts, 10% professional and technical, 10% service, 9% management and clerical, 9% farming and fishing, 6% transport, 5% sales, 1% security, and 33% other

Sao Tome and Principe

NA

Senegal

  • majority of wage-labor force represented by unions;
  • however, dues-paying membership very limited;
  • major confederation is National Confederation of Senegalese Labor (CNTS), an affiliate of governing party

Seychelles

three major trade unions

Sierra Leone

35% of wage earners

Somalia

General Federation of Somali Trade Unions is controlled by the government

South Africa

about 17% of total labor force is unionized; African unions represent 15% of black labor force

Sudan

trade unions suspended following 30 June 1989 coup; now in process of being legalized anew

Tanzania

15% of labor force

Togo

one national union, the National Federation of Togolese Workers

Tunisia

about 360,000 members claimed, roughly 20% of labor force; General Union of Tunisian Workers (UGTT), quasi-independent of Constitutional Democratic Party

Uganda

125,000 union members

Western Sahara

NA

Zambia

about 238,000 wage earners are unionized

Zimbabwe

17% of wage and salary earners have union membership

Arctic Region

3 entries

Greenland

NA

Iceland

60% of labor force

Svalbard

none

Asia

13 entries

Afghanistan

some small government-controlled unions

Bangladesh

  • 3% of labor force belongs to 2,614 registered unions (1986 est.)

Bhutan

not permitted

China

  • All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) follows the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party;
  • membership over 80 million or about 65% of the urban work force (1985)

India

less than 5% of the labor force

Japan

about 29% of employed workers; 76.4% public service, 57.9% transportation and telecommunications, 48.7% mining, 33.7% manufacturing, 18.2% services, 9.3% wholesale, retail, and restaurant

Korea, North now North Korea

1,600,000 members; single-trade union system coordinated by the General Federation of Trade Unions of Korea under the Central Committee

Korea, South now South Korea

about 10% of nonagricultural labor force in government-sanctioned unions

Maldives

none

Mongolia

425,000 members of the Central Council of Mongolian Trade Unions (CCMTU) controlled by the government (1984)

Nepal

Teachers' Union, not officially recognized

Pakistan

about 10% of industrial work force

Sri Lanka

about 33% of labor force, over 50% of which are employed on tea, rubber, and coconut estates

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

NA

Antigua and Barbuda

  • Antigua and Barbuda Public Service Association (ABPSA), membership 500;
  • Antigua Trades and Labor Union (ATLU), 10,000 members;
  • Antigua Workers Union (AWU), 10,000 members (1986 est.)

Aruba

Aruban Workers' Federation (FTA)

The Bahamas

25% of labor force

Barbados

32% of labor force

Belize

30% of labor force; 11 unions currently active

British Virgin Islands

NA

Cayman Islands

Global Seaman's Union; Cayman All Trade Union

Costa Rica

15.1% of labor force

Cuba

  • Workers Central Union of Cuba (CTC), only labor federation approved by government;
  • 2,910,000 members;
  • the CTC is an umbrella organization composed of 17 member unions

Dominica

25% of labor force

Dominican Republic

12% of labor force (1989 est.)

El Salvador

  • 15% total labor force;
  • 10% agricultural labor force;
  • 7% urban labor force (1987 est.)

Grenada

20% of labor force

Guadeloupe

11% of labor force

Guatemala

8% of labor force (1988 est.)

Haiti

NA

Honduras

  • 40% of urban labor force, 20% of rural work force (1985)

Jamaica

25% of labor force (1989)

Martinique

11% of labor force

Montserrat

  • 30% of labor force, three trade unions with 1,500 members (1984 est.)

Netherlands Antilles

60-70% of labor force

Nicaragua

35% of labor force

Panama

17% of labor force (1986)

Puerto Rico

115,000 members in 4 unions; the largest is the General Confederation of Puerto Rican Workers with 35,000 members (1983)

St. Kitts and Nevis now Saint Kitts and Nevis

6,700

St. Lucia now Saint Lucia

20% of labor force

St. Vincent and the Grenadines now Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

10% of labor force

Trinidad and Tobago

22% of labor force (1988)

Turks and Caicos Islands

St. George's Industrial Trade Union

Virgin Islands

90% of the government labor force

Europe

37 entries

Albania

Central Council of Albanian Trade Unions, 610,000 members

Andorra

none

Austria

  • 1,672,820 members of Austrian Trade Union Federation (1984)

Belgium

70% of labor force

Bulgaria

all workers are members of the Central Council of Trade Unions (CCTU); Pod Krepa (Support), an independent trade union, legally registered in January 1990

Czechoslovakia

  • Revolutionary Trade Union Movement (ROH), formerly regime-controlled;
  • other industry-specific strike committees;
  • new independent trade unions forming

Denmark

65% of labor force

Faroe Islands

NA

Finland

80% of labor force

France

20% of labor force (est.)

German Democratic Republic

87.7% of labor force

Germany, Federal Republic of now Germany

  • 9,300,000 total;
  • 7,760,000 in German Trade Union Federation (DGB);
  • union membership constitutes about 40% of union-eligible labor force, 34% of total labor force, and 35% of wage and salary earners (1986)

Gibraltar

over 6,000

Greece

10-15% of total labor force, 20-25% of urban labor force

Guernsey

NA

Vatican City now Holy See (Vatican City)

  • Association of Vatican Lay Workers, 1,800 members (1987)

Hungary

  • 96.5% of labor force;
  • Central Council of Hungarian Trade Unions (SZOT) includes 19 affiliated unions, all controlled by the government;
  • independent unions legal;
  • may be as many as 12 small independent unions in operation

Ireland

36% of labor force

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

22 labor unions patterned along British lines

Italy

40-45% of labor force (est.)

Jersey

none

Liechtenstein

NA

Luxembourg

100,000 (est.) members of four confederated trade unions

Malta

about 40% of labor force

Monaco

4,000 members in 35 unions

Netherlands

29% of labor force

Norway

66% of labor force (1985)

Poland

trade union pluralism

Portugal

  • about 55% of the labor force;
  • the Communist-dominated General Confederation of Portuguese Workers--Intersindical (CGTP-IN) represents more than half of the unionized labor force;
  • its main competition, the General Workers Union (UGT), is organized by the Socialists and Social Democrats and represents less than half of unionized labor

Romania

  • until December 1989, a single trade union system organized by the General Confederation of Romanian Trade Unions (UGSR) under control of the Communist Party;
  • since Ceausescu's overthrow, newly-created trade and professional trade unions are joining two rival umbrella organizations--Organization of Free Trade Unions and Fratia (Brotherhood)

San Marino

Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated General Federation of Labor, 1,400 members

Soviet Union

98% of workers are union members; all trade unions are organized within the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (AUCCTU) and conduct their work under guidance of the Communist party

Spain

  • less 10% of labor force (1988)

Sweden

90% of labor force (1985 est.)

Switzerland

20% of labor force

United Kingdom

37% of labor force (1987)

Yugoslavia

6,200,000 members in the Confederation of Trade Unions of Yugoslavia (SSJ)

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

General Committee for Bahrain Workers exists in only eight major designated companies

Cyprus

156,000 (1985 est.)

Gaza Strip

NA

Iran

none

Iraq

less than 10% of the labor force

Israel

90% of labor force

Jordan

about 10% of labor force

Kuwait

labor unions exist in oil industry and among government personnel

Lebanon

250,000 members (est.)

Oman

trade unions are illegal

Qatar

trade unions are illegal

Saudi Arabia

trade unions are illegal

Syria

5% of labor force

Turkey now Turkiye

10-15% of labor force

United Arab Emirates

trade unions are illegal

West Bank

NA

Yemen, People's Democratic Republic of now People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

348,200; the General Confederation of Workers of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen has 35,000 members

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

8,573 members (1985); largest union is Bermuda Industrial Union

Canada

30.6% of labor force; 39.6% of nonagricultural paid workers

Mexico

35% of labor force

St. Pierre and Miquelon now Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Workers' Force trade union

United States

  • 16,960,000 members; 16.4% of labor force (1989)

Oceania

25 entries

American Samoa

NA

Australia

42% of labor force (1988)

Cook Islands

NA

Fiji

about 45,000 employees belong to some 46 trade unions, which are organized along lines of work and ethnic origin (1983)

French Polynesia

NA

Guam

13% of labor force

Kiribati

Kiribati Trades Union Congress--2,500 members

Marshall Islands

none

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

NA

Nauru

NA

New Caledonia

NA

New Zealand

  • 681,000 members; 43% of labor force (1986)

Niue

NA

Norfolk Island

NA

Northern Mariana Islands

NA

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau

NA

Papua New Guinea

more than 50 trade unions, some with fewer than 20 members

Pitcairn Islands

NA

Western Samoa now Samoa

Public Service Association (PSA)

Solomon Islands

NA, but most of the cash-economy workers have trade union representation

Tokelau

NA

Tonga

none

Tuvalu

none

Vanuatu

7 registered trade unions--largest include Oil and Gas Workers' Union, Vanuatu Airline Workers' Union

Wallis and Futuna

NA

South America

14 entries

Argentina

3,000,000; 28% of labor force

Bolivia

150,000-200,000, concentrated in mining, industry, construction, and transportation; mostly organized under Bolivian Workers' Central (COB) labor federation

Brazil

13,000,000 dues paying members (1989 est.)

Chile

10% of labor force (1989)

Colombia

  • 1,400,000 members (1987), about 12% of labor force;
  • the Communist-backed Unitary Workers Central or CUT is the largest labor organization, with about 725,000 members (including all affiliate unions)

Ecuador

less than 15% of labor force

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Falkland Islands General Employees Union, 400 members

French Guiana

7% of labor force

Guyana

34% of labor force

Paraguay

about 2% of labor force

Peru

  • about 40% of salaried workers (1983 est.)

Suriname

49,000 members of labor force

Uruguay

Interunion Workers' Assembly/National Workers' Confederation (PIT/CNT) Labor Federation

Venezuela

32% of labor force

Southeast Asia

15 entries

Brunei

2% of labor force

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

Workers' Asiayone (association), 1,800,000 members, and Peasants' Asiayone, 7,600,000 members

Cambodia

Kampuchea Federation of Trade Unions (FSC); under government control

Christmas Island

NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

none

Hong Kong

15% of labor force (1986)

Indonesia

3,000,000 members (claimed); about 5% of labor force

Laos

Lao Federation of Trade Unions is subordinate to the Communist party

Macau

none

Malaysia

  • 660,000, 10% of total labor force (1988)

Philippines

2,064 registered unions; total membership 4.8 million (includes 2.7 million members of the National Congress of Farmers Organizations)

Singapore

  • 211,200; 16.5% of labor force (1988)

Taiwan

  • 1,300,000 or about 18.4% (government controlled) (1983)

Thailand

300,000 union members (1986)

Vietnam

reportedly over 90% of wage and salary earners are members of the Vietnam Federation of Trade Unions (VFTU)

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1990, “Organized labor”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/organized-labor/1990.

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