San Marino

republicIndependence 301 (by tradition)

San Marino as the 1990 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 64 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalSan Marino

Area60 km2

Populationas each edition published it

23,123 people July 1990 · 35,291 in 2025

Population growth% a year

Not in this edition 1.01% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 39.6 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

Not in this edition 81.18 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.3 children per woman 1990 · 1.54 in 2025

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

9 deaths per 1,000 live births 1990 · 6.1 in 2025

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

Not in this edition $20,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

Not in this edition 2.4% in 1995

Geography

11 fields

Land useshare of 60 km2

arable land 17%forest and woodland 0%other 83%permanent crops 0% in all · meadows and pastures 0% in all

Total area

60km2

land area: 60 km2Comparative area: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundary

39km with Italy

Climate

Mediterranean;
mild to cool winters;
warm, sunny summers

Note

landlocked;
world's smallest republic;
enclave of Italy

People

14 fields

Population

23,123

(July 1990), growth rate 0.6% (1990)

Per 1,000 population(1990)

Birth

8Death

7Net migration

Labor force

4,300

about

Literacy

97%

Nationality

noun--Sanmarinese (sing. and pl.); adjective--Sanmarinese

Organized labor

Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated General Federation of Labor, 1,400 members

Government

Republic

18 fields

Grand and General Council, 60 seats, elected 29 May 1988one dot, one seat

DCS 27PCS 18PSU 8PSS 7

Administrative divisions

9 municipalities (castelli, singular--castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Constitution

8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Legal system

based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

National holiday

Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September

Executive branch

two captains regent, Congress of State (cabinet);
real executive power is wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state for internal affairs

Legislative branch

unicameral Grand and General Council (Consiglio Grande e Generale)

Judicial branch

Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII) Co-Chiefs of State and Co-Heads of Government--Captain Regent Salvatori REVES (since April 1989) and Captain Regent Luciano CARDELLI (since April 1989);
Captains Regent are elected for six-month terms

Political parties and leaders

Christian Democratic Party (DCS), Gabriele Gatti;
Communist Party (PCS), Gilberto Ghiotti;
Socialist Unity Party (PSU), Emilio Della Balda and Patrizia Busignani;
San Marino Socialist Party (PSS), Antonio Volpinari;
San Marino Social Democratic Party (PSDS), Augusto Casali;
San Marino Republican Party (PRS), Cristoforo Buscarini

Suffrage

universal at age 18 Grand and General Council--last held 29 May 1988 (next to be held by May 1993);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(60 total) DCS 27, PCS 18, PSU 8, PSS 7

Communists

about 300 members; the PCS, in conjunction with the PSS, PSU, and PSDS, has led the government since 1978

Other political parties or pressure groups

political parties influenced by policies of their counterparts in Italy

Member of

ICJ, ITU, IRC, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WTO; observer status in NAM

Diplomatic representation

San Marino maintains honorary Consulates General in Washington and New York, and an honorary Consulate in Detroit;
US--no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino;
Consulate General at 38 Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci, Florence, Italy (mailing address is APO NY 09019);
telephone [39] (55) 298-276

Flag

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center;
the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)

Economy

The economy relies heavily on the tourist industry as a source of revenue.

16 fields

Inflation, consumer prices

6.4%

(1986)

Unemployment rate

6.5%

(1985)

The economy relies heavily on the tourist industry as a source of revenue. More than 2 million tourists visit each year, contributing about 60% to GDP. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is another important income producer. The manufacturing sector employs nearly 40% of the labor force and agriculture less than 4%. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to northern Italy.

GDP

$NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate NA%

Budget

revenues $99.2 million; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (1983)

Exports

trade data are included with the statistics for Italy;
commodity trade consists primarily of exchanging building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics for a wide variety of consumer manufactures