Angola

• overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures;
• desertification;
• deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity;
• soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams;
• inadequate supplies of potable water

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

at birth:

1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.8 male(s)/female

total population:

1.02 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

degree of risk:

very high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases:

malaria, African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) are high risks in some locations

respiratory disease:

meningococcal meningitis

water contact disease:

schistosomiasis (2005)

noun:

Angolan(s)

adjective:

Angolan

conventional long form:

Republic of Angola

conventional short form:

Angola

local long form:

Republica de Angola

local short form:

Angola

former:

People's Republic of Angola

name:

Luanda

geographic coordinates:

8 48 S, 13 14 E

time difference:

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• 18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia);
• Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

• 11 November 1975;
• revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992;
• note - a new constitution will likely be passed following the next legislative election

chief of state:

President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:

• President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979);
• note - the president is both chief of state and head of government;
• Fernando de Piedade Dias DOS SANTOS was appointed Prime Minister on 6 December 2002

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:

• president elected by universal ballot for a five-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term) under the 1992 constitution;
• President DOS SANTOS originally elected (in 1979) without opposition under a one-party system and stood for reelection in Angola's first multiparty elections 29-30 September 1992 (next to be held September 2006 or 2007)

election results:

• Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS 49.6%, Jonas SAVIMBI 40.1%, making a run-off election necessary;
• the run-off was not held and SAVIMBI's National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) repudiated the results of the first election;
• the civil war resumed leaving DOS SANTOS in his current position as the president

• Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA];
• National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [disputed leadership: Lucas NGONDA, Holden ROBERTO];
• National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party);
• Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975);
• Social Renewal Party or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA, Antonio MUACHICUNGO]

note: about a dozen minor parties participated in the 1992 elections but only won a few seats; they and the other 115 smaller parties have little influence in the National Assembly

chief of mission:

Ambassador Josefina Perpetua Pitra DIAKITI

chancery:

2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:

[1] (202) 785-1156

FAX:

[1] (202) 785-1258

consulate(s) general:

Houston, New York

chief of mission:

Ambassador Cynthia EFIRD

embassy:

number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda

mailing address:

international mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda,US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550

telephone:

[244] (222) 64-1000

FAX:

[244] (222) 64-1232

agriculture:

85%

industry and services:

15% (2003 est.)

lowest 10%:

NA%

highest 10%:

NA%

• bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc (tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains;
• livestock;
• forest products;
• fish

• petroleum;
• diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold;
• cement;
• basic metal products;
• fish processing;
• food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar;
• textiles;
• ship repair

general assessment:

telephone service limited mostly to government and business use; HF radiotelephone used extensively for military links

domestic:

limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter

international:

• country code - 244;
• satellite earth stations - 29;
• fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia (2005)

total:

2,761 km

narrow gauge:

2,638 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2005)

total:

51,429 km

paved:

5,349 km

unpaved:

46,080 km (2001)

total:

4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 4,343 GRT/4,643 DWT

by type:

cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1

registered in other countries:

5 (Bahamas 5) (2006)

males age 17-49:

2,548,455

females age 17-49:

2,462,601 (2005 est.)

males age 17-49:

1,282,195

females age 17-49:

1,256,390 (2005 est.)

males age 18-49:

126,694

females age 17-49:

123,586 (2005 est.)

refugees (country of origin):

13,510 (Democratic Republic of Congo)

IDPs:

40,000-60,000 (27-year civil war ending in 2002; 4 million IDPs already have returned) (2005)