Angola

total:

0.71 cu km/yr (45%/34%/21%)

per capita:

40.27 cu m/yr (2005)

• overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures;
• desertification;
• deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity;
• soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams;
• inadequate supplies of potable water

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

noun:

Angolan(s)

adjective:

Angolan

at birth:

1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years:

1.04 male(s)/female

15-24 years:

1.04 male(s)/female

25-54 years:

1.02 male(s)/female

55-64 years:

1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.86 male(s)/female

total population:

1.02 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

degree of risk:

very high

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever

vectorborne diseases:

dengue fever, malaria

water contact disease:

schistosomiasis

animal contact disease:

rabies (2013)

total number:

832,895

percentage:

24 % (2001 est.)

conventional long form:

Republic of Angola

conventional short form:

Angola

local long form:

Republica de Angola

local short form:

Angola

former:

People's Republic of Angola

name:

Luanda

geographic coordinates:

8 50 S, 13 13 E

time difference:

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

• 18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia);
• Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

chief of state:

• President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979);
• Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012);
• note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:

President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president; (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)

elections:

• president indirectly elected by National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term) under the 2010 constitution;
• note - according to the 2010 constitution, ballots are cast for parties rather than candidates, the majority leader is appointed president;
• following the results of the 2012 legislative elections DOS SANTOS became president (eligible for a second term)

election results:

• NA;
• as leader of the MPLA, Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS became pesident following legislative elections on 31 August 2012;
• DOS SANTOS was inaugurated on 26 September 2012 to serve the first of a possible two terms under the 2010 constitution

highest court(s):

Supreme Court or Tribunal da Relacao (consists of the chief justice and NA judges; Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 members)

judge selection and term of office:

• Supreme Court judges appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body presided over by the president;
• judge tenure NA;
• Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula;
• judges serve single 7-year terms

subordinate courts:

provincial and municipal courts

• Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU]
• National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [Lucas NGONDA]
• National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party)
• Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975)
• Social Renewal Party or PRS [Eduardo KUANGANA]

note: 4 other parties qualified to participate in the national election in August 2012

chief of mission:

Ambassador Alberto do Carmo BENTO RIBEIRO (since 1 September 2011)

chancery:

2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:

[1] (202) 785-1156

FAX:

[1] (202) 785-1258

consulate(s) general:

Houston, New York

chief of mission:

Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Heather C. Merritt

embassy:

number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda

mailing address:

international mail:

Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550

telephone:

[244] (222) 64-1000

FAX:

[244] (222) 64-1232

• two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle);
• red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants

• bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc, tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains;
• livestock;
• forest products;
• fish

• petroleum;
• diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold;
• cement;
• basic metal products;
• fish processing;
• food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar;
• textiles;
• ship repair

agriculture:

85%

industry and services:

15% (2003 est.)

lowest 10%:

0.6%

highest 10%:

44.7% (2000)

general assessment:

• limited system;
• state-owned telecom had monopoly for fixed-lines until 2005;
• demand outstripped capacity, prices were high, and services poor;
• Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola's fixed-line telephone network;
• by 2010, the number of fixed-line providers had expanded to 5;
• Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network has been extended to larger towns;
• a privately owned, mobile-cellular service provider began operations in 2001

domestic:

only about two fixed-lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 50 telephones per 100 persons in 2011

international:

• country code - 244;
• landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia;
• satellite earth stations - 29 (2009)

• state controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach;
• state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on 2 channels;
• a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite;
• TV subscription services are available;
• state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations;
• about a half dozen private radio stations broadcast locally (2008)

total:

2,764 km

country comparison to the world: 60

narrow gauge:

2,641 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2008)

total:

51,429 km

country comparison to the world: 76

paved:

5,349 km

unpaved:

46,080 km (2001)

• 20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory);
• 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service;
• conscript service obligation - 2 years;
• Angolan citizenship required;
• the Navy (MGA) is entirely staffed with volunteers (2013)

males age 16-49:

3,062,438

females age 16-49:

2,964,262 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49:

1,546,781

females age 16-49:

1,492,308 (2010 est.)

male:

155,476

female:

152,054 (2010 est.)

refugees (country of origin):

21,104 (Democratic Republic of Congo) (2013)

IDPs:

19,500 (27-year civil war ending in 2002) (2005)

current situation:

• Angola is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor in agriculture, construction, domestic service, and diamond mines;
• some Angolan girls are forced into domestic prostitution, while some Angolan boys are taken to Namibia as forced laborers or are forced to be cross-border couriers;
• women and children are also forced into domestic service in South Africa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, and European countries;
• Vietnamese, Brazilian, and Chinese women are trafficked to Angola for prostitution, while Chinese, Southeast Asian, Namibian, and possibly Congolese migrants are subjected to forced labor in Angola's construction industry

tier rating:

• Tier 2 Watch List - Angola does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking;
• however, it is making significant efforts to do so;
• authorities opened one internal labor trafficking investigation but have not initiated the prosecution of any trafficking offenders, has never convicted a trafficking offender, and does not have a law specifically prohibiting all forms of trafficking;
• the government has not adopted amendments to the penal code reflecting the 2010 constitutional provision prohibiting human trafficking and has not finalized draft anti-trafficking legislation;
• the government has made minimal efforts to protect trafficking victims but continues to lack a systematic process for identifying trafficking victims and providing legal remedies to victims (2013)