Angola

• overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures;
• desertification;
• deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity;
• soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams;
• inadequate supplies of potable water

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

noun:

Angolan(s)

adjective:

Angolan

0-14 years:

48.07% (male 7,257,155 /female 7,336,084)

15-24 years:

18.33% (male 2,701,123 /female 2,863,950)

25-54 years:

27.95% (male 4,044,944 /female 4,441,028)

55-64 years:

3.32% (male 466,085 /female 540,452)

65 years and over:

2.32% (male 296,411 /female 408,648) (2018 est.)

total dependency ratio:

97.6 (2015 est.)

youth dependency ratio:

93 (2015 est.)

elderly dependency ratio:

4.6 (2015 est.)

potential support ratio:

21.9 (2015 est.)

total:

15.9 years (2018 est.)

male:

15.4 years

female:

16.3 years

at birth:

1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years:

0.99 male(s)/female

15-24 years:

0.94 male(s)/female

25-54 years:

0.91 male(s)/female

55-64 years:

0.86 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.73 male(s)/female

total population:

0.95 male(s)/female (2018 est.)

total:

65.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

male:

71.4 deaths/1,000 live births

female:

60.1 deaths/1,000 live births

total population:

60.6 years (2018 est.)

male:

58.5 years

female:

62.7 years

degree of risk:

very high (2019)

food or waterborne diseases:

bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever (2019)

vectorborne diseases:

dengue fever, malaria (2019)

water contact diseases:

schistosomiasis (2019)

animal contact diseases:

rabies (2019)

conventional long form:

Republic of Angola

conventional short form:

Angola

local long form:

Republica de Angola

local short form:

Angola

former:

People's Republic of Angola

etymology:

name derived by the Portuguese from the title "ngola" held by kings of the Ndongo (Ndongo was a kingdom in what is now northern Angola)

name:

Luanda

geographic coordinates:

8 50 S, 13 13 E

time difference:

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time:

does not observe daylight savings time

etymology:

originally named "Sao Paulo da Assuncao de Loanda" (Saint Paul of the Assumption of Loanda), which over time was shortened and corrupted to just Luanda

• 18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia);
• Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

history:

previous 1975, 1992; latest passed by National Assembly 21 January 2010, adopted 5 February 2010

amendments:

• proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one third of the National Assembly membership;
• passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly subject to prior Constitutional Court review if requested by the president of the republic (2017)

citizenship by birth:

no

citizenship by descent only:

at least one parent must be a citizen of Angola

dual citizenship recognized:

no

residency requirement for naturalization:

10 years

chief of state:

• President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017);
• Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 26 September 2017);
• note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:

President Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (since 26 September 2017); Vice President Bornito De Sousa Baltazar DIOGO (since 26 September 2017)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections/appointments:

• the candidate of the winning party or coalition in the last legislative election becomes the president;
• president serves a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term);
• last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in 2022)

election results:

Joao Manuel Goncalves LOURENCO (MPLA) elected president by the winning party following the 23 August 2017 general election

description:

unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members directly elected in a single national constituency and in multi-seat constituencies by closed list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)

elections:

last held on 23 August 2017 (next to be held in August 2022)

election results:

• percent of vote by party - MPLA 61.1%, UNITA 26.7%, CASA-CE 9.5%, PRS 1.4%, FNLA 0.9%, other 0.5%;
• seats by party - MPLA 150, UNITA 51, CASA-CE 16, PRS 2, FNLA 1;
• composition - men 136, women 84, percent of women 38.2%

highest courts:

• Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of the court president, vice president, and a minimum of 16 judges);
• Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 11 judges)

judge selection and term of office:

• Supreme Court judges appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body chaired by the president;
• judge tenure NA;
• Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula;
• judges serve single 7-year terms

subordinate courts:

provincial and municipal courts

• Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Andre Mendes de CARVALHO]
• National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions; one led by Lucas NGONDA; the other by Ngola KABANGU
• National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party)
• Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Joao LOURENCO]; note - Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS stepped down 8 Sept 2018 ruling party in power since 1975
• Social Renewal Party or PRS [Benedito DANIEL]

chief of mission:

Ambassador Nina Maria FITE (since 14 February 2018)

telephone:

[244] 946440977

embassy:

number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda, C.P. 6468, Angola

mailing address:

international mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550

FAX:

[244] (222) 64-1000

• two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle);
• red represents liberty and black the African continent;
• the symbols characterize workers and peasants

name:

"Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)

lyrics/music:

Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO

note: adopted 1975

• bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc, tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains;
• livestock;
• forest products;
• fish

• petroleum;
• diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold;
• cement;
• basic metal products;
• fish processing;
• food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar;
• textiles;
• ship repair

agriculture:

85%

industry:

15% (2015 est.)

industry and services:

15% (2003 est.)

lowest 10%:

0.6%

highest 10%:

44.7% (2000)

general assessment:

• in the process of a restructure plan and opening up the telecom sector to new competitors, while still retaining a 45% govt portion of the share;
• slow progress in LTE network development, with only about 10% of the country covered by network infrastructure at the end of 2017 (2018)

domestic:

only about one fixed-line per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 45 telephones per 100 persons (2018)

international:

• country code - 244;
• landing points for the SAT-3/WASC, WACS, ACE and SACS fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to other countries in west Africa, Brazil, Europe and Asia;
• satellite earth stations - 29 (2019)

• state controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach;
• state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on 2 channels;
• a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite;
• TV subscription services are available;
• state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations;
• about a half-dozen private radio stations broadcast locally

• 20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory);
• 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service;
• 2-year conscript service obligation;
• Angolan citizenship required;
• the Navy (MGA) is entirely staffed with volunteers (2013)

number of registered air carriers:

10 (2015)

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 55 (2015)

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers:

1,244,491 (2015)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers:

46.043 million mt-km (2015)

total:

2,852 km (2014)

narrow gauge:

2,729 km 1.067-m gauge (2014); 123 km 0.600-m gauge

total:

26,000 km (2018)

paved:

13,600 km (2018)

unpaved:

12,400 km (2018)

total:

55

by type:

general cargo 14, oil tanker 8, other 33 (2018)

major seaport(s):

Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Namibe

LNG terminal(s) (export):

Angola Soyo