The CIA World Factbook Edition 2014 Geography

Elevation In 29 editions of 36.

Elevation was published in 29 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1997 to 2025. The 2014 edition carries it in 265 entries, in its Geography section, under the heading “Elevation extremes”. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 2014 edition
265
the first edition with it
1997
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Elevation extremes” (1997 to 2015) and “Elevation” (2016 to 2025).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Elevation, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Elevation in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

World

1 entry

World

lowest point:
Bentley Subglacial Trench (Antarctica) -2,555 m

note: in the oceanic realm, Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is the lowest point, lying -10,924 m below the surface of the Pacific Ocean

highest point:
Mount Everest 8,850 m
top ten highest mountains (measured from sea level):
  • Mount Everest (China-Nepal) 8,850 m;
  • K2 (Pakistan) 8,611 m;
  • Kanchenjunga (India-Nepal) 8,598 m;
  • Lhotse (Nepal) 8,516 m;
  • Makalu (China-Nepal) 8,463 m;
  • Cho Oyu (China-Nepal) 8,201 m;
  • Dhaulagiri (Nepal) 8,167 m;
  • Manaslu (Nepal) 8,163 m;
  • Nanga Parbat (Pakistan) 8,125 m;
  • Anapurna (Nepal) 8,091 m

Africa

56 entries

Algeria

lowest point:
Chott Melrhir -40 m
highest point:
Tahat 3,003 m

Angola

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Morro de Moco 2,620 m

Benin

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Sokbaro 658 m

Botswana

lowest point:
junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m
highest point:
Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m

Burkina Faso

lowest point:
Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m
highest point:
Tena Kourou 749 m

Burundi

lowest point:
Lake Tanganyika 772 m
highest point:
Heha 2,670 m

Cabo Verde

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)

Cameroon

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Fako 4,095 m (on Mt. Cameroon)

Central African Republic

lowest point:
Oubangui River 335 m
highest point:
Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m

Chad

lowest point:
Djourab 160 m
highest point:
Emi Koussi 3,415 m

Comoros

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Karthala 2,360 m

Congo, Democratic Republic of the now Democratic Republic of the Congo

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pic Marguerite on Mont Ngaliema (Mount Stanley) 5,110 m

Congo, Republic of the now Republic of the Congo

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Berongou 903 m

Cote d'Ivoire

lowest point:
Gulf of Guinea 0 m
highest point:
Monts Nimba 1,752 m

Djibouti

lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m
highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m

Egypt

lowest point:
Qattara Depression -133 m
highest point:
Mount Catherine 2,629 m

Equatorial Guinea

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pico Basile 3,008 m

Eritrea

lowest point:
near Kulul within the Danakil Depression -75 m
highest point:
Soira 3,018 m

Swaziland now Eswatini

lowest point:
Great Usutu River 21 m
highest point:
Emlembe 1,862 m

Ethiopia

lowest point:
Danakil Depression -125 m
highest point:
Ras Dejen 4,533 m

Gabon

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Iboundji 1,575 m

Gambia, The now The Gambia

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation 53 m

Ghana

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Afadjato 885 m

Guinea

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Nimba 1,752 m

Guinea-Bissau

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation in the eastern part of the country 300 m

Kenya

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Kenya 5,199 m

Lesotho

lowest point:
junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m
highest point:
Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m

Liberia

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Wuteve 1,380 m

Libya

lowest point:
Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m
highest point:
Bikku Bitti 2,267 m

Madagascar

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Maromokotro 2,876 m

Malawi

lowest point:
junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m
highest point:
Sapitwa (Mount Mlanje) 3,002 m

Mali

lowest point:
Senegal River 23 m
highest point:
Hombori Tondo 1,155 m

Mauritania

lowest point:
Sebkhet Te-n-Dghamcha -5 m
highest point:
Kediet Ijill 915 m

Mauritius

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Piton 828 m

Morocco

lowest point:
Sebkha Tah -55 m
highest point:
Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m

Mozambique

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Monte Binga 2,436 m

Namibia

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Konigstein 2,606 m

Niger

lowest point:
Niger River 200 m
highest point:
Idoukal-n-Taghes 2,022 m

Nigeria

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Rwanda

lowest point:
Rusizi River 950 m
highest point:
Volcan Karisimbi 4,519 m

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
  • Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m;
  • Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m;
  • Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m

Sao Tome and Principe

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m

Senegal

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation southwest of Kedougou 581 m

Seychelles

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Morne Seychellois 905 m

Sierra Leone

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m

Somalia

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Shimbiris 2,416 m

South Africa

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Njesuthi 3,408 m

South Sudan

Lowest point:
NA
highest point:
Kinyeti 3,187 m

Sudan

lowest point:
Red Sea 0 m
highest point:
Jabal Marrah 3,071 m

Tanzania

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Kilimanjaro 5,895 m (highest point in Africa)

Togo

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Agou 986 m

Tunisia

lowest point:
Shatt al Gharsah -17 m
highest point:
Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m

Uganda

lowest point:
Lake Albert 621 m
highest point:
Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m

Western Sahara

lowest point:
Sebjet Tah -55 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation 805 m

Zambia

lowest point:
Zambezi river 329 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation in Mafinga Hills 2,301 m

Zimbabwe

lowest point:
junction of the Runde and Save Rivers 162 m
highest point:
Inyangani 2,592 m

Antarctic Region

5 entries

Antarctica

lowest point:
Bentley Subglacial Trench -2,540 m
highest point:
Vinson Massif 4,897 m

note: the lowest known land point in Antarctica is hidden in the Bentley Subglacial Trench; at its surface is the deepest ice yet discovered and the world's lowest elevation not under seawater

Bouvet Island

lowest point:
South Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Olav Peak 935 m

French Southern and Antarctic Lands

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
  • Mont de la Dives on Ile Amsterdam (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul) 867 m;
  • unnamed location on Ile Saint-Paul (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul) 272 m;
  • Pic Marion-Dufresne in Iles Crozet 1,090 m;
  • Mont Ross in Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m;
  • unnamed location on Bassas de India (Iles Eparses) 2.4 m;
  • unnamed location on Europa Island (Iles Eparses) 24 m;
  • unnamed location on Glorioso Islands (Iles Eparses) 12 m;
  • unnamed location on Juan de Nova Island (Iles Eparses) 10 m;
  • unnamed location on Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses) 7 m

Heard Island and McDonald Islands

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mawson Peak on Big Ben volcano 2,745 m

South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands now South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m

Arctic Region

4 entries

Greenland

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Gunnbjorn Fjeld 3,700 m

Iceland

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull glacier)

Jan Mayen

lowest point:
Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point:
Haakon VII Toppen on Beerenberg 2,277 m

note: Beerenberg volcano has numerous peaks; the highest point on the volcano rim is named Haakon VII Toppen, after Norway's first king following the reestablishment of Norwegian independence in 1905

Svalbard

lowest point:
Arctic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Newtontoppen 1,717 m

Asia

23 entries

Afghanistan

lowest point:
Amu Darya 258 m
highest point:
Noshak 7,485 m

Armenia

lowest point:
Debed River 400 m
highest point:
Aragats Lerrnagagat' 4,090 m

Azerbaijan

lowest point:
Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point:
Bazarduzu Dagi 4,485 m

Bangladesh

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Keokradong 1,230 m

Bhutan

lowest point:
Drangeme Chhu 97 m
highest point:
Gangkar Puensum 7,570 m

British Indian Ocean Territory

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m

China

lowest point:
Turpan Pendi -154 m
highest point:
Mount Everest 8,850 m (highest point in Asia)

Georgia

lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m

India

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Kanchenjunga 8,598 m

Japan

lowest point:
Hachiro-gata -4 m
highest point:
Fujiyama 3,776 m

Kazakhstan

lowest point:
Vpadina Kaundy -132 m
highest point:
Khan Tangiri Shyngy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m

Korea, North now North Korea

lowest point:
Sea of Japan 0 m
highest point:
Paektu-san 2,744 m

Korea, South now South Korea

lowest point:
Sea of Japan 0 m
highest point:
Halla-san 1,950 m

Kyrgyzstan

lowest point:
Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
highest point:
Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m

Maldives

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Viligili in the Addu Atholhu 2.4 m

Mongolia

lowest point:
Hoh Nuur 560 m
highest point:
Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m

Nepal

lowest point:
Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point:
Mount Everest 8,850 m (highest point in Asia)

Pakistan

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m

Russia

lowest point:
Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point:
Gora El'brus 5,633 m (highest point in Europe)

Sri Lanka

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pidurutalagala 2,524 m

Tajikistan

lowest point:
Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
highest point:
Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m

Turkmenistan

lowest point:
Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m

note: Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m)

highest point:
Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m

Uzbekistan

lowest point:
Sariqamish Kuli -12 m
highest point:
Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m

Central America and the Caribbean

33 entries

Anguilla

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Crocus Hill 65 m

Antigua and Barbuda

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Boggy Peak 402 m

Aruba

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Ceru Jamanota 188 m

Bahamas, The now The Bahamas

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Alvernia on Cat Island 63 m

Barbados

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Hillaby 336 m

Belize

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Doyle's Delight 1,160 m

British Virgin Islands

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Sage 521 m

Cayman Islands

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
The Bluff on Cayman Brac 43 m

Costa Rica

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Cerro Chirripo 3,810 m

Cuba

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Pico Turquino 2,005 m

Curacao

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mt. Christoffel, 372m

Dominica

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Morne Diablotins 1,447 m

Dominican Republic

lowest point:
Lago Enriquillo -46 m
highest point:
Pico Duarte 3,175 m

El Salvador

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Cerro El Pital 2,730 m

Grenada

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Saint Catherine 840 m

Guatemala

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m

note: highest point in Central America

Haiti

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m

Honduras

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m

Jamaica

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Blue Mountain Peak 2,256 m

Montserrat

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)

Navassa Island

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation on southwest side 77 m

Nicaragua

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mogoton 2,438 m

Panama

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Volcan Baru 3,475 m

Puerto Rico

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Cerro de Punta 1,338 m

Saint Barthelemy

lowest point:
Caribbean Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Morne du Vitet 286 m

Saint Kitts and Nevis

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m

Saint Lucia

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Gimie 950 m

Saint Martin

lowest point:
Caribbean Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pic du Paradis 424 m

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
La Soufriere 1,234 m

Sint Maarten

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Flagstaff 386 m

Trinidad and Tobago

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
El Cerro del Aripo 940 m

Turks and Caicos Islands

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Flamingo Hill 48 m

Virgin Islands

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Crown Mountain 474 m

Europe

49 entries

Albania

lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m

Andorra

lowest point:
Riu Runer 840 m
highest point:
Pic de Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m

Austria

lowest point:
Neusiedler See 115 m
highest point:
Grossglockner 3,798 m

Belarus

lowest point:
Nyoman River 90 m
highest point:
Dzyarzhynskaya Hara 346 m

Belgium

lowest point:
North Sea 0 m
highest point:
Botrange 694 m

Bosnia and Herzegovina

lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Maglic 2,386 m

Bulgaria

lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Musala 2,925 m

Croatia

lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Dinara 1,831 m

Czech Republic now Czechia

lowest point:
Labe (Elbe) River 115 m
highest point:
Snezka 1,602 m

Denmark

lowest point:
Lammefjord -7 m
highest point:
Mollehoj/Ejer Bavnehoj 171 m

Estonia

lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Suur Munamagi 318 m

European Union

lowest point:
Lammefjord, Denmark -7 m; Zuidplaspolder, Netherlands -7 m
highest point:
Mont Blanc 4,807 m; note - situated on the border between France and Italy

Faroe Islands

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Slaettaratindur 882 m

Finland

lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Halti (alternatively Haltia, Haltitunturi, Haltiatunturi) 1,328 m

France

lowest point:
Rhone River delta -2 m
highest point:
Mont Blanc 4,807 m

note: in order to assess the possible effects of climate change on the ice and snow cap of Mont Blanc, its surface and peak have been extensively measured in recent years; these new peak measurements have exceeded the traditional height of 4,807 m and have varied between 4,808 m and 4,811 m; the actual rock summit is 4,792 m and is 40 m away from the ice-covered summit

Germany

lowest point:
Neuendorf bei Wilster -3.54 m
highest point:
Zugspitze 2,963 m

Gibraltar

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Rock of Gibraltar 426 m

Greece

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Olympus 2,917 m

Guernsey

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation on Sark 114 m

Holy See (Vatican City)

lowest point:
unnamed location 19 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation 75 m

Hungary

lowest point:
Tisza River 78 m
highest point:
Kekes 1,014 m

Ireland

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Carrauntoohil 1,041 m

Isle of Man

lowest point:
Irish Sea 0 m
highest point:
Snaefell 621 m

Italy

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)

Jersey

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation 143 m

Kosovo

lowest point:
Drini i Bardhe/Beli Drim 297 m (located on the border with Albania)
highest point:
Gjeravica/Deravica 2,656 m

Latvia

lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Gaizina Kalns 312 m

Liechtenstein

lowest point:
Ruggeller Riet 430 m
highest point:
Vorder-Grauspitz 2,599 m

Lithuania

lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Aukstojas 294 m

Luxembourg

lowest point:
Moselle River 133 m
highest point:
Buurgplaatz 559 m

Malta

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Ta'Dmejrek 253 m (near Dingli)

Moldova

lowest point:
Dniester (Nistru) 2 m
highest point:
Dealul Balanesti 430 m

Monaco

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mont Agel 140 m

Montenegro

lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m

Netherlands

lowest point:
Zuidplaspolder -7 m
highest point:
Mount Scenery 862 m (on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, now considered an integral part of the Netherlands following the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles)

note: the highest point on continental Netherlands is Vaalserberg at 322 m

Macedonia now North Macedonia

lowest point:
Vardar River 50 m
highest point:
Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m

Norway

lowest point:
Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point:
Galdhopiggen 2,469 m

Poland

lowest point:
near Raczki Elblaskie -2 m
highest point:
Rysy 2,499 m

Portugal

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores 2,351 m

Romania

lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Moldoveanu 2,544 m

San Marino

lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point:
Monte Titano 755 m

Serbia

lowest point:
Danube and Timok Rivers 35 m
highest point:
Midzor 2,169 m

Slovakia

lowest point:
Bodrok River 94 m
highest point:
Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m

Slovenia

lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Triglav 2,864 m

Spain

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m

Sweden

lowest point:
reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.4 m
highest point:
Kebnekaise 2,111 m

Switzerland

lowest point:
Lake Maggiore 195 m
highest point:
Dufourspitze 4,634 m

Ukraine

lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Hora Hoverla 2,061 m

United Kingdom

lowest point:
The Fens -4 m
highest point:
Ben Nevis 1,343 m

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m

Cyprus

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Olympus 1,951 m

Gaza Strip

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Awdah) 105 m

Iran

lowest point:
Caspian Sea -28 m
highest point:
Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m

Iraq

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
Cheekha Dar (Kurdish for "Black Tent"); 3,611 m

Israel

lowest point:
Dead Sea -408 m
highest point:
Har Meron 1,208 m

Jordan

lowest point:
Dead Sea -408 m
highest point:
Jabal Umm ad Dami 1,854 m

Kuwait

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation 306 m

Lebanon

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Qornet es Saouda 3,088 m

Oman

lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m
highest point:
Jabal Shams 2,980 m

Qatar

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
Tuwayyir al Hamir 103 m

Saudi Arabia

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
Jabal Sawda' 3,133 m

Syria

lowest point:
unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m
highest point:
Mount Hermon 2,814 m

Turkey now Turkiye

lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Ararat 5,166 m

United Arab Emirates

lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:
Jabal Yibir 1,527 m

West Bank

lowest point:
Dead Sea -408 m
highest point:
Tall Asur 1,022 m

Yemen

lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m
highest point:
Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m

North America

6 entries

Bermuda

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Town Hill 76 m

Canada

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Logan 5,959 m

Clipperton Island

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Rocher Clipperton 29 m

Mexico

lowest point:
Laguna Salada -10 m
highest point:
Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,700 m

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m

United States

lowest point:
Death Valley -86 m
highest point:
Mount McKinley (Denali) 6,194 m (highest point in North America)

note: the peak of Mauna Kea (4,207 m above sea level) on the island of Hawaii rises about 10,200 m above the Pacific Ocean floor; by this measurement, it is the world's tallest mountain - higher than Mount Everest (8,850 m), which is recognized as the tallest mountain above sea level

Oceania

34 entries

American Samoa

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Lata Mountain 964 m

Australia

lowest point:
Lake Eyre -15 m
highest point:
Mount Kosciuszko 2,229 m

Cook Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Te Manga 652 m

Coral Sea Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m

Fiji

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Tomanivi 1,324 m

French Polynesia

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Orohena 2,241 m

Guam

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Lamlam 406 m

Howland Island

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 3 m

Jarvis Island

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 7 m

Johnston Atoll

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Summit Peak 5 m

Kingman Reef

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 1 m

Kiribati

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation on Banaba 81 m

Marshall Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Likiep 10 m

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m

Midway Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 13 m

Nauru

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation along plateau rim 61 m

New Caledonia

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Panie 1,628 m

New Zealand

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m

Niue

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation near Mutalau settlement 68 m

Norfolk Island

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Bates 319 m

Northern Mariana Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation on Agrihan 965 m

Palau

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m

Palmyra Atoll

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 2 m

Papua New Guinea

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m

Pitcairn Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Big Ridge 347 m

Samoa

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Silisili 1,857 m

Solomon Islands

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Popomanaseu 2,310 m

Tokelau

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 5 m

Tonga

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed elevation on Kao Island 1,033 m

Tuvalu

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 5 m

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
  • Baker Island, unnamed location - 8 m;
  • Howland Island, unnamed location - 3 m;
  • Jarvis Island, unnamed location - 7 m;
  • Johnston Atoll, Sand Island - 10 m;
  • Kingman Reef, unnamed location - less than 2 m;
  • Midway Islands, unnamed location - 13 m;
  • Palmyra Atoll, unnamed location - 3 m

Vanuatu

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Tabwemasana 1,877 m

Wake Island

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 6 m

Wallis and Futuna

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mont Singavi (on Futuna) 765 m

South America

13 entries

Argentina

lowest point:
Laguna del Carbon -105 m (located between Puerto San Julian and Comandante Luis Piedra Buena in the province of Santa Cruz)
highest point:
Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m (located in the northwestern corner of the province of Mendoza; highest point in South America)

Bolivia

lowest point:
Rio Paraguay 90 m
highest point:
Nevado Sajama 6,542 m

Brazil

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pico da Neblina 2,994 m

Chile

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,880 m

Colombia

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Pico Cristobal Colon 5,775 m

note: nearby Pico Simon Bolivar also has the same elevation

Ecuador

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Chimborazo 6,267 m

note: due to the fact that the earth is not a perfect sphere and has an equatorial bulge, the highest point on the planet furthest from its center is Mount Chimborazo not Mount Everest, which is merely the highest peak above sea-level

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Usborne 705 m

Guyana

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Mount Roraima 2,835 m

Paraguay

lowest point:
junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m
highest point:
Cerro Pero 842 m

Peru

lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m

Suriname

lowest point:
unnamed location in the coastal plain -2 m
highest point:
Juliana Top 1,230 m

Uruguay

lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Cerro Catedral 514 m

Venezuela

lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Pico Bolivar 5,007 m

Southeast Asia

19 entries

Ashmore and Cartier Islands

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 3 m

Brunei

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
Bukit Pagon 1,850 m

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

lowest point:
Andaman Sea / Bay of Bengal 0 m
highest point:
Gamlang Razi 5,870 m

Cambodia

lowest point:
Gulf of Thailand 0 m
highest point:
Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

Christmas Island

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Murray Hill 361 m

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location 5 m

Hong Kong

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
Tai Mo Shan 958 m

Indonesia

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Puncak Jaya 4,884 m

Laos

lowest point:
Mekong River 70 m
highest point:
Phu Bia 2,817 m

Macau

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
Coloane Alto 172 m

Malaysia

lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point:
Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m

Paracel Islands

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m

Philippines

lowest point:
Philippine Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Apo 2,954 m

Singapore

lowest point:
Singapore Strait 0 m
highest point:
Bukit Timah 166 m

Spratly Islands

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m

Taiwan

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
Yu Shan 3,952 m

Thailand

lowest point:
Gulf of Thailand 0 m
highest point:
Doi Inthanon 2,576 m

Timor-Leste

lowest point:
Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m
highest point:
Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m

Vietnam

lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m
highest point:
Fan Si Pan 3,144 m

Oceans

5 entries

Arctic Ocean

lowest point:
Fram Basin -4,665 m
highest point:
sea level 0 m

Atlantic Ocean

lowest point:
Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench -8,605 m
highest point:
sea level 0 m

Indian Ocean

lowest point:
Java Trench -7,258 m
highest point:
sea level 0 m

Pacific Ocean

lowest point:
Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench -10,924 m
highest point:
sea level 0 m

Southern Ocean

lowest point:
-7,235 m at the southern end of the South Sandwich Trench
highest point:
sea level 0 m

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 2014, “Elevation”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/elevation/2014.

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