The CIA World Factbook Edition 1992 Government

Suffrage In 36 editions of 36.

Suffrage was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1992 edition carries it in 227 entries, in its Government section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 1992 edition
227
the first edition with it
1990
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Suffrage” (1990 to 2025).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Suffrage, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Suffrage in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

Africa

54 entries

Algeria

universal at age 18

Angola

universal at age 18

Benin

universal at age 18

Botswana

universal at age 21

Burkina now Burkina Faso

none

Burundi

universal adult at age NA

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

universal at age 18

Cameroon

universal at age 20

Central African Republic

universal at age 21

Chad

universal at age NA

Comoros

universal at age 18

Zaire now Democratic Republic of the Congo

universal and compulsory at age 18

Congo now Republic of the Congo

universal at age 18

Ivory Coast now Cote d'Ivoire

universal at age 21

Djibouti

universal adult at age NA

Egypt

universal and compulsory at age 18

Equatorial Guinea

universal adult at age NA

Swaziland now Eswatini

none

Ethiopia

universal at age 18

Gabon

universal at age 21

The Gambia

universal at age 21

Ghana

none

Guinea

none

Guinea-Bissau

universal at age 15

Kenya

universal at age 18

Lesotho

universal at age 21

Liberia

universal at age 18

Libya

universal and compulsory at age 18

Madagascar

universal at age 18

Malawi

universal at age 21

Mali

universal at age 21

Mauritania

universal at age 18

Mayotte

universal at age 18

Morocco

universal at age 21

Mozambique

universal adult at age 18

Namibia

universal at age 18

Niger

universal adult at age 18

Nigeria

universal at age 21

Reunion

universal at age 18

Rwanda

universal adult, exact age NA

Saint Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

NA

Sao Tome and Principe

universal at age 18

Senegal

universal at age 18

Seychelles

universal at age 17

Sierra Leone

universal at age 18

Somalia

universal at age 18

South Africa

universal at age 18, but voting rights are racially based

Sudan

none

Tanzania

universal at age 18

Togo

universal adult at age NA

Tunisia

universal at age 20

Uganda

universal at age 18

Zambia

universal at age 18

Zimbabwe

universal at age 18

Arctic Region

2 entries

Greenland

universal at age 18

Iceland

universal at age 20

Asia

22 entries

Afghanistan

undetermined; previously universal, male ages 15-50

Armenia

universal at age 18

Azerbaijan

universal at age 18

Bangladesh

universal at age 18

Bhutan

each family has one vote in village-level elections

China

universal at age 18

Georgia

universal at age 18

India

universal at age 18

Japan

universal at age 20

Kazakhstan

universal at age 18

Korea, North now North Korea

universal at age 17

Korea, South now South Korea

universal at age 20

Kyrgyzstan

universal at age 18

Maldives

universal at age 21

Mongolia

universal at age 18

Nepal

universal at age 18

Pakistan

universal at age 21

Russia

universal at age 18

Sri Lanka

universal at age 18

Tajikistan

universal at age 18

Turkmenistan

universal at age 18

Uzbekistan

universal at age 18

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

universal at age 18

Antigua and Barbuda

universal at age 18

Aruba

universal at age 18

The Bahamas

universal at age 18

Barbados

universal at age 18

Belize

universal at age 18

British Virgin Islands

universal at age 18

Cayman Islands

universal at age 18

Costa Rica

universal and compulsory at age 18

Cuba

universal at age 16

Dominica

universal at age 18

Dominican Republic

universal and compulsory at age 18 or if married; members of the armed forces and police cannot vote

El Salvador

universal at age 18

Grenada

universal at age 18

Guadeloupe

universal at age 18

Guatemala

universal at age 18

Haiti

universal at age 18

Honduras

universal and compulsory at age 18

Jamaica

universal at age 18

Martinique

universal at age 18

Montserrat

universal at age 18

Netherlands Antilles

universal at age 18

Nicaragua

universal at age 16

Panama

universal and compulsory at age 18

Puerto Rico

universal at age 18; citizens of Puerto Rico are also US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections

Saint Kitts and Nevis

universal adult at age NA

Saint Lucia

universal at age 18

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

universal at age 18

Trinidad and Tobago

universal at age 18

Turks and Caicos Islands

universal at age 18

Virgin Islands

universal at age 18

Europe

45 entries

Albania

universal and compulsory at age 18

Andorra

universal at age 18

Austria

universal at age 19; compulsory for presidential elections

Belarus

universal at age 18

Belgium

universal and compulsory at age 18

Bosnia and Herzegovina

at age 16 if employed; universal at age 18

Bulgaria

universalandcompulsoryatage 18

Croatia

at age 16 if employed, universal at age 18

Czechoslovakia

universal at age 18

Denmark

universal at age 21

Estonia

universal at age 18

Faroe Islands

universal at age 20

Finland

universal at age 18

France

universal at age 18

Germany

universal at age 18

Gibraltar

universal at age 18, plus other UK subjects resident six months or more

Greece

universal and compulsory at age 18

Guernsey

universal at age 18

Holy See (Vatican City)

limited to cardinals less than 80 years old

Hungary

universal at age 18

Ireland

universal at age 18

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

universal at age 21

Italy

universal at age 18 (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)

Jersey

universal adult at age NA

Latvia

universal at age 18

Liechtenstein

universal at age 18

Lithuania

universal at age 18

Luxembourg

universal and compulsory at age 18

Malta

universal at age 18

Moldova

universal at age 18

Monaco

universal adult at age 25

Netherlands

universal at age 18

Macedonia now North Macedonia

universal at age 18

Norway

universal at age 18

Poland

universal at age 18

Portugal

universal at age 18

Romania

universal at age 18

San Marino

universal at age 18

Serbia and Montenegro

at age 16 if employed, universal at age 18

Slovenia

at age 16 if employed, universal at age 18

Spain

universal at age 18

Sweden

universal at age 18

Switzerland

universal at age 18

Ukraine

universal at age 18

United Kingdom

universal at age 18

Middle East

15 entries

Bahrain

none

Cyprus

universal at age 18

Iran

universal at age 15

Iraq

universal adult at age 18

Israel

universal at age 18

Jordan

universal at age 20

Kuwait

  • adult males who resided in Kuwait before 1920 and their male descendants at age 21;
  • note - out of all citizens, only 10% are eligible to vote and only 5% actually vote

Lebanon

compulsory for all males at age 21; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education

Oman

none

Qatar

none

Saudi Arabia

none

Syria

universal at age 18

Turkey now Turkiye

universal at age 21

United Arab Emirates

none

Yemen

universal at age 18

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

universal at age 21

Canada

universal at age 18

Mexico

universal and compulsory (but not enforced) at age 18

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

universal at age 18

United States

universal at age 18

Oceania

25 entries

American Samoa

universal at age 18; indigenous inhabitants are US nationals, not US citizens

Australia

universal and compulsory at age 18

Cook Islands

universal adult at age NA

Fiji

none

French Polynesia

universal at age 18

Guam

universal at age 18; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections

Kiribati

universal at age 18

Marshall Islands

universal at age 18

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

universal at age 18

Nauru

universal and compulsory at age 20

New Caledonia

universal adult at age 18

New Zealand

universal at age 18

Niue

universal adult at age 18

Norfolk Island

universal at age 18

Northern Mariana Islands

universal at age 18; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau

universal at age 18

Papua New Guinea

universal at age 18

Pitcairn Islands

universal at age 18 with three years residency

Western Samoa now Samoa

universal adult over age 21, but only matai (head of family) are able to run for the Legislative Assembly

Solomon Islands

universal at age 21

Tokelau

NA

Tonga

all literate, tax-paying males and all literate females over 21

Tuvalu

universal at age 18

Vanuatu

universal at age 18

Wallis and Futuna

universal adult at age 18

South America

14 entries

Argentina

universal at age 18

Bolivia

universal and compulsory at age 18 (married) or 21 (single)

Brazil

  • voluntary at age 16;
  • compulsory between ages 18 and 70;
  • voluntary at age 70

Chile

universal and compulsory at age 18

Colombia

universal at age 18

Ecuador

universal at age 18; compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

universal at age 18

French Guiana

universal at age 18

Guyana

universal at age 18

Paraguay

universal and compulsory at age 18 and up to age 60

Peru

universal at age 18

Suriname

universal at age 18

Uruguay

universal and compulsory at age 18

Venezuela

universal at age 18

Southeast Asia

14 entries

Brunei

none

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

universal at age 18

Cambodia

universal at age 18

Cocos Islands now Cocos (Keeling) Islands

NA

Hong Kong

  • direct election - universal at age 21 as a permanent resident living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years;
  • indirect election - limited to about 100,000 professionals of electoral college and functional constituencies

Indonesia

universal at age 17 and married persons regardless of age

Laos

universal at age 18

Macau

universal at age 18

Malaysia

universal at age 21

Philippines

universal at age 15

Singapore

universal and compulsory at age 20

Taiwan

universal at age 20

Thailand

universal at age 21

Vietnam

universal at age 18

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1992, “Suffrage”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/suffrage/1992.

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