Togo

• tropical;
• hot, humid in south;
• semiarid in north

• gently rolling savanna in north;
• central hills;
• southern plateau;
• low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

• deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel;
• water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry;
• air pollution increasing in urban areas

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

0-14 years:

44.5% (male 1,211,252; female 1,203,564)

15-64 years:

53% (male 1,404,763; female 1,473,360)

65 years and over:

2.5% (male 57,535; female 78,825) (2003 est.)

at birth:

1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:

1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:

0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.73 male(s)/female

total population:

0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

noun:

Togolese (singular and plural)

adjective:

Togolese

conventional long form:

Togolese Republic

conventional short form:

Togo

local short form:

none

former:

French Togoland

local long form:

Republique Togolaise

chief of state:

President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)

head of government:

Prime Minister Koffi SAMA (since 29 June 2002)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
• election last held 1 June 2003 (next to be held NA June 2008);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 57.2%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 34.1%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 5.2%, Maurice Dahuku PERE 2.3%, Edem KODJO 1.0%

• Juvento [Monsilia DJATO];
• Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP [leader NA];
• Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Hanay OLYMPIO];
• Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gnassingbe EYADEMA];
• Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]

note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991

chief of mission:

Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA

FAX:

[1] (202) 232-3190

telephone:

[1] (202) 234-4212

chancery:

2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission:

Ambassador Gregory ENGLE

embassy:

Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome

mailing address:

B. P. 852, Lome

telephone:

[228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94

FAX:

[228] 221 79 52

• five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow;
• there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner;
• uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

lowest 10%:

NA%

highest 10%:

NA%

• coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum;
• livestock;
• fish

general assessment:

fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system

domestic:

microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones

international:

satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie

total:

525 km

narrow gauge:

525 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

total:

7,520 km

paved:

2,376 km

unpaved:

5,144 km (1999 est.)