Togo

• tropical;
• hot, humid in south;
• semiarid in north

• gently rolling savanna in north;
• central hills;
• southern plateau;
• low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

total:

0.17 cu km/yr (63%/3%/34%)

per capita:

33.46 cu m/yr (2005)

• deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel;
• water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry;
• air pollution increasing in urban areas

party to:

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:

none of the selected agreements

noun:

Togolese (singular and plural)

adjective:

Togolese

at birth:

1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years:

1.01 male(s)/female

15-24 years:

1 male(s)/female

25-54 years:

0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years:

0.89 male(s)/female

65 years and over:

0.77 male(s)/female

total population:

0.98 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

total number:

774,801

percentage:

47 % (2010 est.)

conventional long form:

Togolese Republic

conventional short form:

Togo

local long form:

Republique Togolaise

local short form:

none

former:

French Togoland

name:

Lome

geographic coordinates:

6 07 N, 1 13 E

time difference:

UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

• several previous;
• latest adopted 27 September 1992, effective 14 October 1992;
• amended 2002, last in 2005 (2005)

chief of state:

President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 4 May 2005);

head of government:

Prime Minister Kwesi Seleagodji AHOOMEY-ZUNU (since 23 July 2012)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister; (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website)

elections:

• president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits);
• election last held on 4 March 2010 (next to be held in 2015);
• prime minister appointed by the president

election results:

Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE 60.9%, Jean-Pierre FABRE 33.9%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 3%, other 2.2%

highest court(s):

• Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (organized into the Criminal Chamber and the Administrative Chamber, each with a chamber president and advisors);
• Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges including the court president)

judge selection and term of office:

• Supreme Court president appointed by decree of the president of the republic upon the proposal of the Supreme Council of the Magistracy, a 9-member judicial, advisory, and disciplinary body;
• other judge appointments and judge tenure NA;
• Constitutional Court judges appointed by the National Assembly;
• judge tenure NA

subordinate courts:

• Court of Assizes (sessions court);
• appeals courts;
• tribunals of first instance (divided into civil, commercial, and correctional chambers; Court of State Security; military tribunal

chief of mission:

Ambassador Limbiye Edawa Kadangha BARIKI (since 14 July 2009)

chancery:

2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:

[1] (202) 234-4212

FAX:

[1] (202) 232-3190

chief of mission:

Ambassador Robert E. WHITEHEAD (since 3 May 2012)

embassy:

4332 Blvd. Gnassingbe Eyadema, Cite OUA, Lome

mailing address:

B. P. 852, Lome; 2300 Lome Place, Washington, DC 20521-2300

telephone:

[228] 2261-5470

FAX:

[228] 2261-5501

• five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow;
• a white five-pointed star on a red square is in the upper hoist-side corner;
• the five horizontal stripes stand for the five different regions of the country;
• the red square is meant to express the loyalty and patriotism of the people;
• green symbolizes hope, fertility, and agriculture;
• yellow represents mineral wealth and faith that hard work and strength will bring prosperity;
• the star symbolizes life, purity, peace, dignity, and Togo's independence

note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia

• coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (manioc), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum;
• livestock;
• fish

agriculture:

65%

industry:

5%

services:

30% (1998 est.)

lowest 10%:

3.3%

highest 10%:

27.1% (2006)

general assessment:

fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile-cellular system

domestic:

• microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system;
• combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 50 telephones per 100 persons with mobile-cellular use predominating

international:

country code - 228; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Symphonie (2010)

• 2 state-owned TV stations with multiple transmission sites;
• 5 private TV stations broadcast locally;
• cable TV service is available;
• state-owned radio network with multiple stations;
• several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations;
• transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2007)

total:

568 km

country comparison to the world: 110

narrow gauge:

568 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)

total:

11,652 km

country comparison to the world: 129

paved:

2,447 km

unpaved:

9,205 km (2007)

males age 16-49:

1,577,572

females age 16-49:

1,589,715 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49:

1,104,536

females age 16-49:

1,158,061 (2010 est.)

male:

74,036

female:

73,515 (2010 est.)

• in 2001, Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary;
• in 2006, 14,000 Togolese refugees remain in Benin and Ghana out of the 40,000 who fled there in 2005;
• talks continue between Benin and Togo on funding the Adjrala hydroelectric dam on the Mona River

refugees (country of origin):

17,371 (Ghana); 5,593 (Cote d'Ivoire) (2012)

IDPs:

undetermined (2012)