The CIA World Factbook Edition 1990 Government

Capital In 36 editions of 36.

Capital was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1990 edition carries it in 217 entries, in its Government section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 1990 edition
217
the first edition with it
1990
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Capital” (1990 to 2025) and “National capital” (1997 to 1998).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Capital, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

Entries with Capital in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

Africa

56 entries

Algeria

Algiers

Angola

Luanda

Benin

Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (de facto)

Botswana

Gaborone

Burkina now Burkina Faso

Ouagadougou

Burundi

Bujumbura

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

Praia

Cameroon

Yaounde

Central African Republic

Bangui

Chad

N'Djamena

Comoros

Moroni

Zaire now Democratic Republic of the Congo

Kinshasa

Congo now Republic of the Congo

Brazzaville

Ivory Coast now Cote d'Ivoire

Abidjan (capital city changed to Yamoussoukro in March 1983 but not recognized by US)

Djibouti

Djibouti

Egypt

Cairo

Equatorial Guinea

Malabo

Swaziland now Eswatini

Mbabane (administrative); Lobamba (legislative)

Ethiopia

Addis Ababa

Gabon

Libreville

The Gambia

Banjul

Ghana

Accra

Guinea

Conakry

Guinea-Bissau

Bissau

Kenya

Nairobi

Lesotho

Maseru

Liberia

Monrovia

Libya

Tripoli

Madagascar

Antananarivo

Malawi

Lilongwe

Mali

Bamako

Mauritania

Nouakchott

Mauritius

Port Louis

Mayotte

Dzaoudzi

Morocco

Rabat

Mozambique

Maputo

Namibia

Windhoek

Niger

Niamey

Nigeria

Lagos

Reunion

Saint-Denis

Rwanda

Kigali

St. Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

Jamestown

Sao Tome and Principe

Sao Tome

Senegal

Dakar

Seychelles

Victoria

Sierra Leone

Freetown

Somalia

Mogadishu

South Africa

  • administrative, Pretoria;
  • legislative, Cape Town;
  • judicial, Bloemfontein

Sudan

Khartoum

Tanzania

Dar es Salaam; some government offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital in the 1990s

Togo

Lome

Tunisia

Tunis

Uganda

Kampala

Western Sahara

none

Zambia

Lusaka

Zimbabwe

Harare

Antarctic Region

1 entry

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

Grytviken Harbour on South Georgia is the chief town

Arctic Region

3 entries

Greenland

Nuuk (Godthab)

Iceland

Reykjavik

Svalbard

Longyearbyen Chief of State--King OLAV V (since 21 September 1957); Head of Government Governor Leif ELDRING (since NA)

Asia

14 entries

Afghanistan

Kabul

Bangladesh

Dhaka

Bhutan

Thimphu

British Indian Ocean Territory

  • none Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952);
  • Head of Government--Commissioner R. EDIS (since NA 1988), Administrator Robin CROMPTON (since NA 1988);
  • note--both officials reside in the UK

China

Beijing

India

New Delhi

Japan

Tokyo

Korea, North now North Korea

P'yongyang

Korea, South now South Korea

Seoul

Maldives

Male

Mongolia

Ulaanbaatar

Nepal

Kathmandu

Pakistan

Islamabad

Sri Lanka

Colombo

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

The Valley

Antigua and Barbuda

Saint John's

Aruba

Oranjestad

The Bahamas

Nassau

Barbados

Bridgetown

Belize

Belmopan

British Virgin Islands

Road Town

Cayman Islands

George Town

Costa Rica

San Jose

Cuba

Havana

Dominica

Roseau

Dominican Republic

Santo Domingo

El Salvador

San Salvador

Grenada

Saint George's

Guadeloupe

Basse-Terre

Guatemala

Guatemala

Haiti

Port-au-Prince

Honduras

Tegucigalpa

Jamaica

Kingston

Martinique

Fort-de-France

Montserrat

Plymouth

Netherlands Antilles

Willemstad

Nicaragua

Managua

Panama

Panama

Puerto Rico

San Juan

St. Kitts and Nevis now Saint Kitts and Nevis

Basseterre

St. Lucia now Saint Lucia

Castries

St. Vincent and the Grenadines now Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Kingstown

Trinidad and Tobago

Port-of-Spain

Turks and Caicos Islands

Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)

Virgin Islands

Charlotte Amalie

Europe

37 entries

Albania

Tirane

Andorra

Andorra la Vella

Austria

Vienna

Belgium

Brussels

Bulgaria

Sofia

Czechoslovakia

Prague

Denmark

Copenhagen

Faroe Islands

Torshavn

Finland

Helsinki

France

Paris

German Democratic Republic

East Berlin (not officially recognized by France, UK, and US, which together with the USSR have special rights and responsibilities in Berlin)

Germany, Federal Republic of now Germany

Bonn

Gibraltar

Gibraltar

Greece

Athens

Guernsey

St. Peter Port

Vatican City now Holy See (Vatican City)

Vatican City

Hungary

Budapest

Ireland

Dublin

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

Douglas

Italy

Rome

Jersey

Saint Helier

Liechtenstein

Vaduz

Luxembourg

Luxembourg

Malta

Valletta

Monaco

Monaco

Netherlands

Amsterdam, but government resides at The Hague

Norway

Oslo

Poland

Warsaw

Portugal

Lisbon

Romania

Bucharest

San Marino

San Marino

Soviet Union

Moscow

Spain

Madrid

Sweden

Stockholm

Switzerland

Bern

United Kingdom

London

Yugoslavia

Belgrade

Middle East

16 entries

Bahrain

Manama

Cyprus

Nicosia

Iran

Tehran

Iraq

Baghdad

Israel

  • Israel proclaimed Jerusalem its capital in 1950,
  • but the US,
  • like nearly all other countries,
  • maintains its Embassy in Tel Aviv

Jordan

Amman

Kuwait

Kuwait

Lebanon

Beirut

Oman

Muscat

Qatar

Doha

Saudi Arabia

Riyadh

Syria

Damascus

Turkey now Turkiye

Ankara

United Arab Emirates

Abu Dhabi

Yemen Arab Republic

Sanaa

Yemen, People's Democratic Republic of now People's Democratic Republic of Yemen

Aden

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

Hamilton

Canada

Ottawa

Mexico

Mexico

St. Pierre and Miquelon now Saint Pierre and Miquelon

St. Pierre

United States

Washington, DC

Oceania

25 entries

American Samoa

Pago Pago

Australia

Canberra

Cook Islands

Avarua

Fiji

Suva

French Polynesia

Papeete

Guam

Agana

Kiribati

Tarawa

Marshall Islands

Majuro

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

Kolonia (on the island of Pohnpei); note--a new capital is being built about 10 km southwest in the Palikir valley

Nauru

no capital city as such; government offices in Yaren District

New Caledonia

Noumea

New Zealand

Wellington

Niue

Alofi

Norfolk Island

Kingston (administrative center), Burnt Pine (commercial center)

Northern Mariana Islands

Saipan

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau

Koror; a new capital is being built about 20 km northeast in eastern Babelthuap

Papua New Guinea

Port Moresby

Pitcairn Islands

Adamstown

Western Samoa now Samoa

Apia

Solomon Islands

Honiara

Tokelau

none, each atoll has its own administrative center

Tonga

Nukualofa

Tuvalu

Funafuti

Vanuatu

Port-Vila

Wallis and Futuna

Mata-Utu

South America

14 entries

Argentina

Buenos Aires (tentative plans to move to Viedma by 1990 indefinitely postponed)

Bolivia

La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat of judiciary)

Brazil

Brasilia

Chile

Santiago

Colombia

Bogota

Ecuador

Quito

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Stanley

French Guiana

Cayenne

Guyana

Georgetown

Paraguay

Asuncion

Peru

Lima

Suriname

Paramaribo

Uruguay

Montevideo

Venezuela

Caracas

Southeast Asia

15 entries

Brunei

Bandar Seri Begawan

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

Rangoon (sometimes translated as Yangon)

Cambodia

Phnom Penh

Christmas Island

The Settlement

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

West Island

Hong Kong

Victoria

Indonesia

Jakarta

Laos

Vientiane

Macau

Macau

Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur

Philippines

Manila

Singapore

Singapore

Taiwan

Taipei

Thailand

Bangkok

Vietnam

Hanoi

Cite this page

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1990, “Capital”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/capital/1990.

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