San Marino

Republic of San Marino

republicIndependence 301 AD (by tradition)

San Marino as the 1997 edition of the CIA World Factbook published it: 89 fields, one of 36 editions from 1990 to 2025.

field in that editiontext changed from the edition beforenot in that editionthe open editionEach field below ends in its editions, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down.

CapitalSan Marino

Position43 46 N, 12 25 E

Area60 sq km

LocationSouthern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

Populationas each edition published it

24,714 people July 1997 est. · 23,123 in 1990

Population growth% a year

0.76% 1997 est. · 1.01% in 1993

Median ageyears

Not in this edition 39.6 yrs in 2003

Life expectancyyears at birth

81.37 years 1997 est. · 81.18 yrs in 1993

Fertility ratechildren per woman

1.51 children per woman 1997 est. · 1.3 in 1990

Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births

5.5 deaths per 1,000 live births 1997 est. · 9 in 1990

GDP per capitaeach edition's own dollars

$16,900 1994 est. · $20,000 in 1993

GDP real growth% a year

4.8% 1994 est. · 2.4% in 1995

Geography

Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

18 fields

Land useshare of 60 sq km

arable land 17%other 83% (1993 est.)permanent crops: NA% · permanent pastures : NA% · forests and woodland: NA%

Area

60sq km

land: 60 sq kmwater: 0 sq kmabout 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Coastline

0km

(landlocked)Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

Highest point

749m

Monte Titanolowest point: Fiume Ausa 55 m

Land boundaries

39km

border countries: Italy 39 km

Location

Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

Climate

Mediterranean;
mild to cool winters;
warm, sunny summers

Environment - international agreements

party to:: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban
signed, but not ratified:: Air Pollution

Geography - note

landlocked;
smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco;
dominated by the Apennines

People

15 fields

Population

24,714

(July 1997 est.)growth rate: 0.76% (1997 est.)

Per 1,000 population(1997 est.)

Birth

10.68Death

7.97Net migration

4.86

Male · female

TotalMale · femaleLife expectancy years (1997 est.)81.37

77.42 · 85.32

TotalMale · femaleLiteracy (1976 est.)96%

97% · 95%

MaleFemaleLiteracy definition: age 10 and over can read and write

Age structure

0-14 years:: 16% (male 1,993; female 1,992) 15-64 years : 68% (male 8,442; female 8,270)
65 years and over:: 16% (male 1,683; female 2,334) (July 1997 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth:: 1 male(s)/female
under 15 years:: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years:: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over:: 0.72 male(s)/female
total population:: 0.96 male(s)/female (1997 est.)

Infant mortality rate

5.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.)

Nationality

noun:: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective:: Sammarinese

Government

Republic; co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Piero Paolo GASPERONI and Captain Regent Pietro BUGLI (for the period 1 April-30 September 1996); Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986)

18 fields

Presidential electionpercent of vote

41.4%

PDCS 41.4%PSS 23.7%PDP 18.6%AP 7.7%MD 5.3%RC 3.3%

Legislature, 60 seatsone dot, one seat

PDCS 26PSS 14PDP 11AP 4MD 3RC 2

Percent of vote

PDCS 41.4%PSS 23.7%PDP 18.6%AP 7.7%MD 5.3%RC 3.3%

Country name

conventional long form:: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form:: San Marino
local long form :: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form:: San Marino

Data code

Government type

republic

National capital

San Marino

Administrative divisions

9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello);
Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Independence

301 AD (by tradition)

National holiday

Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September

Constitution

8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Legal system

based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch

chief of state:: co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Piero Paolo GASPERONI and Captain Regent Pietro BUGLI (for the period 1 April-30 September 1996)
head of government:: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986)
cabinet:: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term
elections :: co-chiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term;
election last held NA March 1996 (next to be held NA September 1996);
secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term;
election last held NA 1993 (next to be held NA 1998)
election results:: Giancarlo VENTURINI and Maurizio RATTINI elected captain regents;
percent of legislative vote - NA;
Gabriele GATTI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs;
percent of legislative vote - NA

note: the popularly elected parliament (Great and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (Co-Chiefs of State) for a six-month period;

they preside over meetings of the Great and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Great and General Council; assisting the Captains Regent are three Secretaries of State - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister

Legislative branch

unicameral Great and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections :: last held 30 May 1993 (next to be held by NA May 1998)
election results:: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 23.7%, PDP 18.6%, AP 7.7%, MD 5.3%, RC 3.3%; seats by party - PDCS 26, PSS 14, PDP 11, AP 4, MD 3, RC 2

Judicial branch

Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII

Political parties and leaders

Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Cesare GASPERONI, secretary general];
Democratic Progressive Party or PDP (formerly San Marino Communist Party or PSS) [Claudio FELICI, secretary general];
San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Maurizio RATTINI, secretary general];
Democratic Movement or MD [Massimo TONTI];
Popular Alliance or AP [Tito MASI];
Communist Refoundation or RC [Paolo GIOVAGNOLI]

International organization participation

CE, ECE, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO

Diplomatic representation in the US

San Marino does not have an embassy in the US

honorary consulate(s) general:: Washington and New York
honorary consulate(s):: Detroit

Diplomatic representation from the US

the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center;
the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)

Economy

The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In | 1995 more than 3.3 million tourists visited San Marino.

22 fields

Real growth rate

4.8%

(1994 est.)industrial production growth: NA%

Inflation, consumer prices

5.3%

(1995)

Unemployment rate

3.6%

(April 1996)

Labor force

15,600

(1995)by occupation: industry 40%, agriculture 2% (1993)

Budget

Revenues

$320 millionExpenditures

$320 million (1995 est.)

expenditures including capital expenditures of $26 million

Economy - overview

The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1995 more than 3.3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of Italy, which supplies much of its food.

GDP

purchasing power parity - $408 million (1994 est.)

GDP - per capita

purchasing power parity - $16,900 (1994 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture:: NA%
industry:: NA%
services:: NA%

Industries

tourism, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

Electricity - capacity

NA kW note: electricity supplied by Italy

Electricity - production

NA kWh note: electricity supplied by Italy

Electricity - consumption per capita

NA kWh

Agriculture - products

wheat, grapes, maize, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, meat, cheese, hides

Exports

trade data are included with the statistics for Italy;; commodities: building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics

Imports

trade data are included with the statistics for Italy;; commodities: wide variety of consumer manufactures, food

Debt - external

$NA

Economic aid

recipient: ODA, $NA

Currency

1 Italian lire (Lit) = 100 centesimi; note - also mints its own coins

Exchange rates

Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,568.1 (January 1997), 1,542.9 (1996), 1,628.9 (1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992)

Fiscal year

calendar year

Communications

6 fields

Fixed lines

15,000

(1995 est.)

Telephone system

domestic:: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
international:: microwave radio relay and cable connections to Italian network; no satellite earth stations