Illicit drugs In 36 editions of 36.

illicit producer of cannabis, mostly for domestic consumption

• illicit producer of cannabis;
• mostly for local consumption;
• some international drug trade;
• transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin to Europe

• a transit point for Southwest Asian and Southeast Asian heroin and opium moving to Europe and the US;
• popular transit stop for Nigerian couriers;
• large domestic consumption of hashish and heroin from Lebanon and Syria

• transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe and North America;
• cultivates qat (chat) for local use and regional export

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade

• widespread wild, small-plot cultivation of marijuana and gat;
• most locally consumed;
• transit country for Southwest Asian heroin moving to West Africa and onward to Europe and North America;
• Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa

illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade

• illicit producer of hashish;
• trafficking on the increase for both domestic and international drug markets;
• shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe;
• occasional transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe.

• passenger and cargo air hub for West Africa facilitates Nigeria's position as a major transit country for heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia via Africa to Western Europe and North America;
• increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for West European and North American markets (some of that cocaine is also consumed in Nigeria)

increasingly active as a transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America

• an illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade;
• world's second-largest opium producer (after Burma) and a major source of hashish

illicit producer of cannabis mostly for domestic consumption; used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication program;
• used as transshipment points for illicit drugs to Western Europe

transit country for illegal drugs produced in neighboring countries

• illicit producer of opium in at least 18 provinces and administrative regions;
• bulk of production is in Yunnan Province;
• transshipment point for heroin produced in the Golden Triangle

• illicit producers of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for domestic consumption;
• used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

• licit producer of opium poppy for the pharmaceutical trade, but some opium is diverted to illicit international drug markets;
• major transit country for illicit narcotics produced in neighboring countries;
• illicit producer of hashish

• illicit producers of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication program;
• used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication program;
• used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europel

illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic and international drug markets; probable transit point for heroin from Southeast Asia to the West

• illicit producer of opium and hashish for the international drug trade;
• government eradication efforts on poppy cultivation of limited success;
• largest producer of Southwest Asian heroin

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for domestic consumption;
• government has active eradication program;
• used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication programs;
• used as transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication program;
• used as transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe

• illicit producers of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication programs;
• used as transshipment points for illicit drugs to Western Europe

drug money laundering center

transshipment point for cocaine

• an illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade;
• eradication program cut marijuana production from 200 metric tons in 1987 to about 50 metric tons in 1991;
• transshipment point for cocaine

illicit production of cannabis on small scattered plots; transshipment country for cocaine from South America

transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US

transshipment point for cocaine

• illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade;
• the government has an active eradication program for cannabis and opium poppy;
• transit country for cocaine shipments

transshipment point for cocaine

illicit producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally for local consumption; transshipment point for cocaine

• illicit cultivation of cannabis;
• transshipment point for cocaine from Central and South America to North America;
• government has an active cannabis eradication program

minor transshipment point for cocaine destined for the US

major cocaine transshipment point and drug money laundering center

transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US

transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US

transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route

transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route

• illicit producer of opium and cannabis;
• mostly for the domestic market;
• transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors; increasingly important gateway country for cocaine entering the European market

NA

transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route

the former Czechoslovakia was a transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and was emerging as a transshipment point for Latin American cocaine (1992)

• transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe;
• limited illicit opium producer;
• mostly for domestic production

source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors

• illicit producer of cannabis and limited opium;
• mostly for domestic production;
• serves as a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East;
• transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route

transshipment point for Southeast Asia heroin transiting the Balkan route

increasingly important gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market

• transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe;
• limited producer of illicit opium;
• mostly for domestic consumption;
• also produces illicit amphetamines for export

• transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe;
• limited producer of illicit opium;
• mostly for domestic consumption

money-laundering hub

• illicit producer of opium and cannabis;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

transit country for illicit narcotics produced in neighboring countries; European producer of illicit amphetamines and other synthetic drugs

NA

increasingly used as transshipment point for Latin American cocaine to Europe and gateway for Asian heroin shipped via the CIS and Baltic states for the European market

• illicit producers of opium for domestic consumption and amphetamines for the international market;
• emerging as a transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe

increasingly important gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market

transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route

NA

the former Czechoslavakia was a transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and was emerging as a transshipment point for Latin American cocaine (1992)

NA

key European gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market

increasingly used as transshipment point for Latin American cocaine to Europe and gateway for Asian heroin shipped via the CIS and Baltic states for the European market

• illicit producer of cannabis and opium;
• mostly for CIS consumption;
• limited government eradication program;
• used as transshipment points for illicit drugs to Western Europe

increasingly important gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market

transit point for heroin via air routes and container traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey

illicit producer of opium poppy for the domestic and international drug trade; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin to Europe

• illicit producer of opium, hashish, and heroin for the international drug trade;
• opium poppy production in Al Biqa almost completely eradicated this year;
• hashish production is shipped to Western Europe, Israel, US, the Middle East, and South America

death penalty for traffickers

a transit country for Lebanese and Turkish refined cocaine going to Europe and heroin and hashish bound for the Persian Gulf area

• major transit route for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish to Western Europe and the US via air, land, and sea routes;
• major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking organizations operate out of Istanbul;
• laboratories to convert imported morphine base into heroin have sprung up in remote regions of Turkey as well as near Istanbul;
• government maintains strict controls over areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate

• illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market;
• use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors;
• growing role as a transit point for heroin and cocaine entering the US market

• illicit cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis continues in spite of active government eradication program;
• major supplier to the US market;
• continues as the primary transshipment country for US-bound cocaine from South America

• illicit producer of cannabis for domestic consumption with 1987 production estimated at 3,500 metric tons or about 25% of the available marijuana;
• ongoing eradication program aimed at small plots and greenhouses has not reduced production

• Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products;
• government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate

illicit cannabis cultivation is becoming a principal source of income for some families

increasing use as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for the US and Europe

• world's second-largest producer of coca (after Peru) with an estimated 47,900 hectares under cultivation;
• voluntary and forced eradication program unable to prevent production from rising to 82,000 metric tons in 1992 from 74,700 tons in 1989;
• government considers all but 12,000 hectares illicit;
• intermediate coca products and cocaine exported to or through Colombia and Brazil to the US and other international drug markets

• illicit producer of cannabis and coca, mostly for domestic consumption;
• government has a modest eradication program to control cannabis and coca cultivation;
• important transshipment country for Bolivian and Colombian cocaine headed for the US and Europe

• illicit producer of cannabis, coca, and opium;
• about 37,500 hectares of coca under cultivation;
• the world's largest processor of coca derivatives into cocaine;
• supplier of cocaine to the US and other international drug markets

• minor illicit producer of coca following the successful eradication campaign of 1985-87;
• significant transit country, however, for derivatives of coca originating in Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru;
• importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics;
• important money-laundering hub

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; important transshipment point for Bolivian cocaine headed for the US and Europe

• world's largest coca leaf producer with about 121,000 hectares under cultivation;
• source of supply for most of the world's coca paste and cocaine base;
• at least 85% of coca cultivation is for illicit production;
• most of cocaine base is shipped to Colombian drug dealers for processing into cocaine for the international drug market

• illicit producer of cannabis and coca leaf for the international drug trade on a small scale;
• however, large quantities of cocaine transit the country from Colombia;
• important money-laundering hub

• world's largest illicit producer of opium poppy and minor producer of cannabis for the international drug trade;
• opium production has nearly doubled since the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic programs

a hub for Southeast Asian heroin trade; transshipment and major financial and money-laundering center

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade, but not a major player; government actively eradicating plantings and prosecuting traffickers

• illicit producer of cannabis,
• opium poppy for the international drug trade,
• third-largest opium producer

transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US, Western Europe, and the Third World

illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; growers are producing more and better quality cannabis despite government eradication efforts

transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US, Western Europe, and the Third World; also a major money-laundering center

an important heroin transit point; also a major drug money laundering center

• a minor producer, major illicit trafficker of heroin, particularly from Burma and Laos, and cannabis for the international drug market;
• eradication efforts have reduced the area of cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to neighboring countries;
• opium poppy cultivation has been affected by eradication efforts;
• also a major drug money laundering center