The CIA World Factbook Edition 2002 Communications

Broadcast media In 31 editions of 36.

Broadcast media was published in 31 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1995 to 2025. The 2002 edition carries it in 243 entries, in its Communications section, under the heading “Radio broadcast stations”. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 2002 edition
243
the first edition with it
1995
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Broadcast media” (2010 to 2025), “Radio broadcast stations” (1996 to 2015), “Television broadcast stations” (1996 to 2015), “Radio” (1995) and “Television” (1995).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Broadcast media, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

2002

Every edition with Broadcast media

Entries with Broadcast media in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

World

1 entry

World

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM NA,
  • FM NA,
  • shortwave NA

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Africa

57 entries

Algeria

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 25, FM 1, shortwave 8 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 46 (plus 216 repeaters) (1995)

Angola

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 21, FM 6, shortwave 7 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

6 (2000)

Benin

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Botswana

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Burkina Faso

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 17, shortwave 3 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Burundi

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 15 (and 17 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)

Cameroon

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Central African Republic

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Chad

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 5 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Comoros

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Congo, Democratic Republic of the now Democratic Republic of the Congo

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (2001)

Congo, Republic of the now Republic of the Congo

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 3 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

14 (1999)

Djibouti

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Egypt

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14, shortwave 3 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

98 (September 1995)

Equatorial Guinea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Eritrea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM NA, shortwave 2 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2000)

Swaziland now Eswatini

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)

Ethiopia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 plus 24 repeaters (2002)

Gabon

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 7 (and 11 repeaters), shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 4 (plus four low-powered repeaters) (2001)

Gambia, The now The Gambia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (government-owned) (1997)

Ghana

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 49, shortwave 3 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

10 (2001)

Guinea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4 (one station is inactive), FM 1 (plus 7 repeaters), shortwave 3 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

6 lowpowered stations (2001)

Guinea-Bissau

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1 (transmitter out of service), FM 4, shortwave 0 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • NA (1997)

Kenya

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

8 (2002)

Lesotho

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2000)

Liberia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 7, shortwave 2 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus four low-power repeaters) (2001)

Libya

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 16, FM 3, shortwave 3 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 12 (plus one low-power repeater) (1999)

Madagascar

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2 (plus a number of repeater stations), FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)

Malawi

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 9, FM 5 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 2 (plus a third station held in standby status) (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Mali

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 1, FM 28, shortwave 1

note: the shortwave station in Bamako has seven frequencies and five transmitters and relays broadcasts for China Radio International (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus repeaters) (2001)

Mauritania

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 14, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Mauritius

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (plus several repeaters) (1997)

Mayotte

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (2001)

Morocco

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 27, FM 25, shortwave 6 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 35 (plus 66 repeaters) (1995)

Mozambique

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2001)

Namibia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 39, shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 8 (plus about 20 low-power repeaters) (1997)

Niger

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus seven low-power repeaters) (2002)

Nigeria

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 83, FM 36, shortwave 11 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (the government controls 2 of the broadcasting stations and 15 repeater stations) (2002)

Reunion

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)

Rwanda

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 0, FM 3 (two main FM programs are broadcast through a system of repeaters and the third FM program is a 24 hour BBC program), shortwave 1 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Saint Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0

note: television programs are received in St. Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)

Sao Tome and Principe

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (2002)

Senegal

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Seychelles

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)

Sierra Leone

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 9, shortwave 1 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1999)

Somalia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 1, shortwave 5 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3

note: two in Mogadishu; one in Hargeisa (2001)

South Africa

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 14, FM 347 (plus 243 repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 556 (plus 144 network repeaters) (1997)

Sudan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (1997)

Tanzania

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (1999)

Togo

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997)

Tunisia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 20, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)

Uganda

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 8 (plus one low-power repeater) (2001)

Western Sahara

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Zambia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 19, FM 5, shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

9 (2002)

Zimbabwe

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 20 (plus 17 repeater stations), shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

16 (1997)

Antarctic Region

2 entries

Antarctica

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM NA, FM 2, shortwave 1

note: information for US bases only (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (cable system with six channels; American Forces Antarctic Network-McMurdo)

note: information for US bases only (2002)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

0 (2003)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (2003)

Arctic Region

4 entries

Greenland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 publicly-owned station, some local low-power stations, and three AFRTS (US Air Force) stations (1997)

Iceland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM about 70 (including repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 14 (plus 156 low-power repeaters) (1997)

Jan Mayen

  • AM NA,
  • FM NA,
  • shortwave NA

note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)

Svalbard

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Asia

23 entries

Afghanistan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 7 (6 are inactive; the active station is in Kabul), FM 1, shortwave 1 (broadcasts in Pashtu, Afghan Persian (Dari), Urdu, and English) (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

at least 10 (one government-run central television station in Kabul and regional stations in nine of the 32 provinces; the regional stations operate on a reduced schedule; also, in 1997, there was a station in Mazar-e Sharif reaching four northern Afghanistan provinces) (1998)

Armenia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 9, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus an unknown number of repeaters) (1998)

Azerbaijan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 10, FM 17, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Bangladesh

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 12, FM 12, shortwave 2 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

15 (1999)

Bhutan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

British Indian Ocean Territory

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

China

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 369, FM 259, shortwave 45 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3,240 (of which 209 are operated by China Central Television, 31 are provincial TV stations and nearly 3,000 are local city stations) (1997)

Georgia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 12 (plus repeaters) (1998)

India

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 153, FM 91, shortwave 68 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

562 (of which 82 stations have 1 kW or greater power and 480 stations have less than 1 kW of power) (1997)

Japan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 215 plus 370 repeaters, FM 89 plus 485 repeaters, shortwave 21 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

211 plus 7,341 repeaters

note: in addition, US Forces are served by 3 TV stations and 2 TV cable services (1999)

Kazakhstan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 60, FM 17, shortwave 9 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 12 (plus nine repeaters) (1998)

Korea, North now North Korea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 16, FM 14, shortwave 12 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

38 (1999)

Korea, South now South Korea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 104, FM 136, shortwave 5 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

121 (plus 850 repeater stations and the eight-channel American Forces Korea Network) (1999)

Kyrgyzstan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 12 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA (repeater stations throughout the country relay programs from Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkey) (1997)

Maldives

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Mongolia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 9, shortwave 4 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 4 (plus 18 provincial repeaters and many low powered repeaters) (1999)

Nepal

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (January 2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)

Pakistan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 27, FM 1, shortwave 21 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 22 (plus seven low-power repeaters) (1997)

Russia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 420, FM 447, shortwave 56 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

7,306 (1998)

Sri Lanka

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 26, FM 45, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

21 (1997)

Tajikistan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

13 (2001)

Turkmenistan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 16, FM 8, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (much programming relayed from Russia and Turkey) (1997)

Uzbekistan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 20, FM 7, shortwave 10 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (plus two repeaters that relay Russian programs), 1 cable rebroadcaster in Tashkent; approximately 20 stations in regional capitals (2003)

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Antigua and Barbuda

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Aruba

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Bahamas, The now The Bahamas

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Barbados

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus two cable channels) (1997)

Belize

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

British Virgin Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus one cable company) (1997)

Cayman Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 with cable system

Costa Rica

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 50, FM 43, shortwave 19 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 6 (plus 11 repeaters) (1997)

Cuba

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 169, FM 55, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

58 (1997)

Dominica

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 0 (however, there is one cable television company) (1997)

Dominican Republic

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 120, FM 56, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

25 (1997)

El Salvador

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

5 (1997)

Grenada

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Guadeloupe

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 5 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997)

Guatemala

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 130, FM 487, shortwave 15 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 26 (plus 27 repeaters) (1997)

Haiti

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 41, FM 26, shortwave 0 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (plus a cable TV service) (1997)

Honduras

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 241, FM 53, shortwave 12 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 11 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)

Jamaica

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 10, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

7 (1997)

Martinique

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)

Montserrat

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Netherlands Antilles

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 9, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (there is also a cable service which supplies programs received from various US satellite networks and two Venezuelan channels) (1997)

Nicaragua

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 63, FM 32, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus seven low-power repeaters) (1997)

Panama

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 101, FM 134, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 38 (including repeaters) (1998)

Puerto Rico

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 72, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

18 (plus three stations of the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service) (1997)

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997)

Saint Lucia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 7 (plus 3 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (of which two are commercial stations and one is a community antenna television or CATV channel) (1997)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997)

Trinidad and Tobago

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (1997)

Turks and Caicos Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)

Virgin Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 11, shortwave 0 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (2002)

Europe

46 entries

Albania

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 13, FM 4, shortwave 2 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus 58 repeaters) (2001)

Andorra

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

Austria

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 160 (plus several hundred repeaters), shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 45 (plus more than 1,000 repeaters) (2001)

Belarus

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 28, FM 37, shortwave 11 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 47 (plus 27 repeaters) (1995)

Belgium

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • FM 79, AM 7, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 25 (plus 10 repeaters) (1997)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 16, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 33 (plus 277 repeaters) (September 1995)

Bulgaria

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 31, FM 63, shortwave 2 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 39 (plus 1,242 repeaters) (2001)

Croatia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 16, FM 98, shortwave 5 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 36 (plus 321 repeaters) (September 1995)

Czech Republic now Czechia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 31, FM 304, shortwave 17 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 150 (plus 1,434 repeaters) (2000)

Denmark

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998)

Estonia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 98, shortwave 0 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (2001)

Faroe Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus 43 low-power repeaters) (September 1995)

Finland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 186, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 120 (plus 431 repeaters) (1999)

France

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 41, FM about 3,500 (this figure is an approximation and includes many repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 584 (plus 9,676 repeaters) (1995)

Germany

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 51, FM 787, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 373 (plus 8,042 repeaters) (1995)

Gibraltar

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)

Greece

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

36 (plus 1,341 low-power repeaters); also two stations in the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (1995)

Guernsey

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Holy See (Vatican City)

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1996)

Hungary

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 35 (plus 161 low-power repeaters) (1995)

Ireland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 9, FM 106, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 4 (many low-power repeaters) (2001)

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 0 (receives broadcasts from the UK and satellite) (1999)

Italy

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM about 100, FM about 4,600, shortwave 9 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 358 (plus 4,728 repeaters) (1995)

Jersey

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Latvia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 56, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 44 (plus 31 repeaters) (1995)

Liechtenstein

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • NA (linked to Swiss networks) (1997)

Lithuania

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 29, FM 142, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

27

note: Lithuania has approximately 27 broadcasting stations, but may have as many as 100 transmitters, including repeater stations (2001)

Luxembourg

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

5 (1999)

Malta

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 18, shortwave 6 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

6 (2000)

Moldova

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 50, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus 30 repeaters) (1995)

Monaco

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

5 (1998)

Netherlands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 58, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 21 (plus 26 repeaters) (1995)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of now North Macedonia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 29, FM 20, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 31 (plus 166 repeaters) (1995)

Norway

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995)

Poland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 14, FM 777, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 179 (plus 256 repeaters) (September 1995)

Portugal

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 47, FM 172 (many are repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

62 (plus 166 repeaters)

note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands (1995)

Romania

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 40, FM 202, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 48 (plus 392 repeaters) (1995)

San Marino

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)

Serbia and Montenegro

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 113, FM 194, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

more than 771 (including 86 strong stations and 685 low-power stations, plus 20 repeaters in the principal networks; also numerous local or private stations in Serbia and Vojvodina) (1997)

Slovakia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 15, FM 78, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 38 (plus 864 repeaters) (1995)

Slovenia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 17, FM 160, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

48 (2001)

Spain

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 208, FM 715, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

224 (plus 2,105 repeaters)

note: these figures include 11 television broadcast stations and 88 repeaters in the Canary Islands (1995)

Sweden

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 265, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 169 (plus 1,299 repeaters) (1995)

Switzerland

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 113 (plus many low power stations), shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 115 (plus 1,919 repeaters) (1995)

Ukraine

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 134, FM 289, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • at least 33 (plus 21 repeaters that relay broadcasts from Russia) (1997)

United Kingdom

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 219, FM 431, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 228 (plus 3,523 repeaters) (1995)

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (1997)

Cyprus

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

Greek Cypriot area:
AM 7, FM 60, shortwave 1 (1998); Turkish Cypriot area: AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

Greek Cypriot area:
4 (plus 225 low-power repeaters) (September 1995); Turkish Cypriot area: 4 (plus 5 repeaters) (September 1995)

Gaza Strip

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (operated by the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation) (1997)

Iran

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 72, FM 5, shortwave 5 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 28 (plus 450 low-power repeaters) (1997)

Iraq

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 19 (5 are inactive), FM 51, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

13 (1997)

Israel

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 23, FM 15, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 17 (plus 36 low-power repeaters) (1995)

Jordan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 20 (plus 96 repeaters) (1995)

Kuwait

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 13 (plus several satellite channels) (1997)

Lebanon

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 20, FM 22, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 15 (plus 5 repeaters) (1995)

Oman

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 13 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1999)

Qatar

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001)

Saudi Arabia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 43, FM 31, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

117 (1997)

Syria

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 14, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 44 (plus 17 repeaters) (1995)

Turkey now Turkiye

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 16, FM 107, shortwave 6 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995)

United Arab Emirates

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 13, FM 7, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

15 (1997)

West Bank

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0

note: the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation broadcasts from an AM station in Ramallah on 675 kHz; numerous local, private stations are reported to be in operation (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Yemen

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 7 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997)

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (1997)

Canada

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 535, FM 53, shortwave 6 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 80 (plus many repeaters) (1997)

Mexico

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 851, FM 598, shortwave 16 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 236 (plus repeaters) (1997)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)

United States

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4,762, FM 5,542, shortwave 18 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

more than 1,500 (including nearly 1,000 stations affiliated with the five major networks - NBC, ABC, CBS, FOX, and PBS; in addition, there are about 9,000 cable TV systems) (1997)

Oceania

27 entries

American Samoa

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Australia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

104 (1997)

Cook Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)

Fiji

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 13, FM 40, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

French Polynesia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 7 (plus 17 low-power repeaters) (1997)

Guam

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

5 (1997)

Johnston Atoll

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM NA, FM 7 (1 island-run morale, welfare, and recreation station and 6 all-music digital radio stations broadcast over FM band), shortwave NA (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • commercial satellite television system, with 30 channels (2002)

Kiribati

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1

note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (not reported to be active) (2002)

Marshall Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 2, FM 1, shortwave 0

note: additionally, the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Services (Central Pacific Network) operate one FM and one AM station on Kwajalein (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 2 (both are US military stations) (2002)

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Nauru

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

New Caledonia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)

New Zealand

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997)

Niue

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Norfolk Island

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)

Northern Mariana Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (on Saipan and one station planned for Rota; in addition, two cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (1997)

Palau

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (1997)

Papua New Guinea

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 8, FM 19, shortwave 28 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (all in the Port Moresby area)

note: additional stations at Mt. Hagen, Goroka, Lae, and Rabaul are planned (2002)

Pitcairn Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

Samoa

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

6 (1997)

Solomon Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

Tokelau

  • AM NA,
  • FM NA,
  • shortwave NA

note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)

Tonga

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (2001)

Tuvalu

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

Vanuatu

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

1 (2002)

Wake Island

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 0, FM NA, shortwave NA

note: Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio service provided by satellite (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

0 (1997)

Wallis and Futuna

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (2000)

South America

14 entries

Argentina

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 260 (including 10 inactive stations), FM NA (probably more than 1,000, mostly unlicensed), shortwave 6 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997)

Bolivia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

48 (1997)

Brazil

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 1,365, FM 296, shortwave 161 (of which 91 are collocated with AM stations) (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

138 (1997)

Chile

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 180 (eight inactive), FM 64, shortwave 17 (one inactive) (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 63 (plus 121 repeaters) (1997)

Colombia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 454, FM 34, shortwave 27 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 60 (includes seven low-power stations) (1997)

Ecuador

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 392, FM 35, shortwave 29 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 7 (plus 14 repeaters) (2001)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)

note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)

French Guiana

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)

Guyana

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997)

Paraguay

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 46, FM 27, shortwave 6 (three inactive) (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (2001)

Peru

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 13 (plus 112 repeaters) (1997)

Suriname

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 4, FM 13, shortwave 1 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 3 (plus seven repeaters) (2000)

Uruguay

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 91, FM 149, shortwave 7 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

20 (2001)

Venezuela

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 201, FM NA (20 in Caracas), shortwave 11 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 66 (plus 45 repeaters) (1997)

Southeast Asia

16 entries

Brunei

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1997)

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

2 (1998)

Cambodia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

5 (1999)

Christmas Island

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Hong Kong

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 4 (plus two repeaters) (1997)

Indonesia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

41 (1999)

Laos

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 4 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

4 (1999)

Macau

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997)

Malaysia

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 35, FM 391, shortwave 15 (2001)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 1 (plus 15 high-power repeaters) (2001)

Philippines

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

AM 366, FM 290, shortwave 5

note: each shortwave station operates on multiple frequencies in the language of the target audience (2002)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

75 (2000)

Singapore

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 0, FM 16, shortwave 2 (1998)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

6 (2000)

Taiwan

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 218, FM 333, shortwave 50 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 29 (plus two repeaters) (1997)

Thailand

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 204, FM 334, shortwave 6 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • 5 (all in Bangkok; plus 131 repeaters) (1997)

East Timor now Timor-Leste

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM NA,
  • FM NA,
  • shortwave NA

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

NA

Vietnam

Published as “Radio broadcast stations”

  • AM 65, FM 7, shortwave 29 (1999)

Published as “Television broadcast stations”

  • at least 7 (plus 13 repeaters) (1998)

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 2002, “Broadcast media”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/broadcast-media/2002.

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