The CIA World Factbook Edition 1992 Economy

Exchange rates In 36 editions of 36.

Exchange rates was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1992 edition carries it in 233 entries, in its Economy section, under the heading “Currency”. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.

entries in the 1992 edition
233
the first edition with it
1990
the latest edition with it
2025

Published as “Exchange rates” (1990 to 2025), “Currency” (1990 to 2004), “Currency (code)” (2005 to 2008) and “Currency code” (2001 to 2004).

the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Exchange rates, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.

1992

Every edition with Exchange rates

Entries with Exchange rates in each edition

19902000201020202025

Select a bar to open that edition.

Africa

56 entries

Algeria

Published as “Currency”

Algerian dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Algerian dinar (DA) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1 - 21.862 (January 1992), 18.473 (1991), 8.958 (1990), 7.6086 (1989), 5.9148 (1988), 4.8497 (1987)

Angola

Published as “Currency”

kwanza (plural - kwanza); 1 kwanza (Kz) = 100 lwei

Published as “Exchange rates”

kwanza (Kz) per US$1 - 180.0

Benin

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Botswana

Published as “Currency”

pula (plural - pula); 1 pula (P) = 100 thebe

Published as “Exchange rates”

pula (P) per US$1 - 2.1683 (March 1992), 2.0173 (1991), 1.8601 (1990), 2.0125 (1989), 1.8159 (1988), 1.6779 (1987)

Burkina now Burkina Faso

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

CFA francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Burundi

Published as “Currency”

Burundi franc (plural - francs); 1 Burundi franc (FBu) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Burundi francs (FBu) per US$1 - 193.72 (January 1992), 181.51 (1991), 171.26 (1990), 158.67 (1989), 140.40 (1988), 123. 56 (1987)

Cape Verde now Cabo Verde

Published as “Currency”

Cape Verdean escudo (plural - escudos); 1 Cape Verdean escudo (CVEsc) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Cape Verdean escudos (CVEsc) per US$1 - 71.28 (March 1992), 71.41 (1991), 64.10 (November 1990), 74.86 (December 1989), 72.01 (1988), 72.5 (1987)

Cameroon

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Central African Republic

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Chad

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine Francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Comoros

Published as “Currency”

Comoran franc (plural - francs); 1 Comoran franc (CF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Comoran francs (CF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987);
  • note - linked to the French franc at 50 to 1 French franc

Zaire now Democratic Republic of the Congo

Published as “Currency”

zaire (singular and plural); 1 zaire (Z) = 100 makuta

Published as “Exchange rates”

zaire (Z) per US$1 - 111,196 (March 1992), 15,587 (1991), 719 (1990), 381 (1989), 187 (1988), 112 (1987)

Congo now Republic of the Congo

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Ivory Coast now Cote d'Ivoire

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987), 346.30 (1986)

Djibouti

Published as “Currency”

Djiboutian franc (plural - francs); 1 Djiboutian franc (DF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Djiboutian francs (DF) per US$1 - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973)

Egypt

Published as “Currency”

Egyptian pound (plural - pounds); 1 Egyptian pound (#E) = 100 piasters

Published as “Exchange rates”

Egyptian pounds (#E) per US$1 - 3.3310 (January 1992), 2.7072 (1990), 2.5171 (1989), 2.2233 (1988), 1.5183 (1987)

Equatorial Guinea

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Swaziland now Eswatini

Published as “Currency”

lilangeni (plural - emalangeni); 1 lilangeni (E) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • emalangeni (E) per US$1 - 2.7814 (January 1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990), 2.6166 (1989), 2.2611 (1988), 2.0350 (1987);
  • note - the Swazi emalangeni is at par with the South African rand

Ethiopia

Published as “Currency”

birr (plural - birr); 1 birr (Br) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

birr (Br) per US$1 - 2.0700 (fixed rate)

Gabon

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

The Gambia

Published as “Currency”

dalasi (plural - dalasi); 1 dalasi (D) = 100 bututs

Published as “Exchange rates”

dalasi (D) per US$1 - 8.790 (March 1992), 8.803 (1991), 7.883 (1990), 7.5846 (1989), 6.7086 (1988), 7.0744 (1987)

Ghana

cedi (plural - cedis); 1 cedi (C) = 100 pesewas

Guinea

Published as “Currency”

Guinean franc (plural - francs); 1 Guinean franc (FG) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Guinean francs (FG) per US$1 - 675 (1990), 618 (1989), 515 (1988), 440 (1987), 383 (1986)

Guinea-Bissau

Published as “Currency”

Guinea-Bissauan peso (plural - pesos); 1 Guinea-Bissauan peso (PG) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Guinea-Bissauan pesos (PG) per US$1 - 1987.2 (1989), 1363.6 (1988), 851.65 (1987), 238.98 (1986)

Kenya

Published as “Currency”

Kenyan shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Kenyan shilling (KSh) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Kenyan shillings (KSh) per US$1 - 28.466 (January 1992), 27.508 (1991), 22.915 (1990), 20.572 (1989), 17.747 (1988), 16.454 (1987)

Lesotho

Published as “Currency”

loti (plural - maloti); 1 loti (L) = 100 lisente

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • maloti (M) per US$1 - 2.8809 (March 1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990), 2.6166 (1989), 2.2611 (1988), 2.0350 (1987);
  • note - the Basotho loti is at par with the South African rand

Liberia

Published as “Currency”

Liberian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Liberian dollar (L$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Liberian dollars (L$) per US$1 - 1.00 (fixed rate since 1940); unofficial parallel exchange rate of L$7 = US$1, January 1992

Libya

Published as “Currency”

Libyan dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Libyan dinar (LD) = 1,000 dirhams

Published as “Exchange rates”

Libyan dinars (LD) per US$1 - 0.2743 (March 1992), 0.2669 (1991), 0.2699 (1990), 0.2922 (1989), 0.2853 (1988), 0.2706 (1987)

Madagascar

Published as “Currency”

Malagasy franc (plural - francs); 1 Malagasy franc (FMG) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Malagasy francs (FMG) per US$1 - 1,943.4 (March 1992), 1,835.4 (1991), 1,454.6 (December 1990), 1,603.4 (1989) , 1,407.1 (1988), 1,069.2 (1987)

Malawi

Published as “Currency”

Malawian kwacha (plural - kwacha); 1 Malawian kwacha (MK) = 100 tambala

Published as “Exchange rates”

Malawian kwacha (MK) per US$1 - 2.7200 (January 1992), 2.8033 (1991), 2.7289 (1990), 2.7595 (1989), 2.5613 (1988), 2.2087 (1987)

Mali

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Mauritania

Published as “Currency”

ouguiya (plural - ouguiya); 1 ouguiya (UM) = 5 khoums

Published as “Exchange rates”

ouguiya (UM) per US$1 - 79.300 (January 1992), 81.946 (1991), 80.609 (1990), 83.051 (1989), 75.261 (1988), 73.878 (1987)

Mauritius

Published as “Currency”

Mauritian rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Mauritian rupee (MauR) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Mauritian rupees (MauRs) per US$1 - 15.198 (January 1992), 15.652 (1991), 14.839 (1990), 15.250 (1989), 13.438 (1988), 12.878 (1987)

Mayotte

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 (January 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Morocco

Published as “Currency”

Moroccan dirham (plural - dirhams); 1 Moroccan dirham (DH) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US$1 - 8.889 (March 1992), 8.707 (1991), 8.242 (1990), 8.488 (1989), 8.209 (1988), 8.359 (1987)

Mozambique

Published as “Currency”

metical (plural - meticais); 1 metical (Mt) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

meticais (Mt) per US$1 - 2,358 (1 May 1992), 1,811.18 (1991), 929.00 (1990), 800.00 (1989), 528.60 (1988), 289.44 (1987)

Namibia

Published as “Currency”

South African rand (plural - rand); 1 South African rand (R) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

South African rand (R) per US$1 - 2.8809 (March 1992), 2.7653 (1991), 2.5863 (1990), 2.6166 (1989), 2.2611 (1988), 2.0350 (1987), 2.2685 (1986)

Niger

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Nigeria

Published as “Currency”

naira (plural - naira); 1 naira (N) = 100 kobo

Published as “Exchange rates”

naira (N) per US$1 - 10.226 (February 1992), 9.909 (1991), 8.038 (1990), 7.3647 (1989), 4.5370 (1988), 4.0160 (1987)

Reunion

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.6397 (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Rwanda

Published as “Currency”

Rwandan franc (plural - francs); 1 Rwandan franc (RF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Rwandan francs (RF) per US$1 - 121.40 (January 1992), 125.14 (1991), 82.60 (1990), 79.98 (1989), 76.45 (1988), 79.67 (1987)

Saint Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

Published as “Currency”

Saint Helenian pound (plural - pounds); 1 Saint Helenian pound (#S) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Saint Helenian pounds (#S) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987);
  • note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound

Sao Tome and Principe

Published as “Currency”

dobra (plural - dobras); 1 dobra (Db) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

dobras (Db) per US$1 - 260.0 (November 1991), 122.48 (December 1988), 72.827 (1987), 36.993 (1986)

Senegal

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Seychelles

Published as “Currency”

Seychelles rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Seychelles rupee (SRe) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Seychelles rupees (SRe) per US$1 - 5.2946 (March 1992), 5.2893 (1991), 5.3369 (1990), 5.6457 (1989), 5.3836 (1988), 5.6000 (1987)

Sierra Leone

Published as “Currency”

leone (plural - leones); 1 leone (Le) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

leones (Le) per US$1 - 476.74 (March 1992), 295.34 (1991), 144.9275 (1990), 58.1395 (1989), 31.2500 (1988), 30.7692 (1987)

Somalia

Published as “Currency”

Somali shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Somali shilling (So. Sh.) = 100 centesimi

Published as “Exchange rates”

Somali shillings (So. Sh.) per US$1 - 3,800.00 (December 1990), 490.7 (1989), 170.45 (1988), 105.18 (1987), 72.00 (1986)

South Africa

Published as “Currency”

rand (plural - rand); 1 rand (R) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

rand (R) per US$1 - 2.7814 (January 1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990), 2.6166 (1989), 2.2611 (1988), 2.0350 (1987)

Sudan

Published as “Currency”

Sudanese pound (plural - pounds); 1 Sudanese pound (#Sd) = 100 piasters

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • official rate - Sudanese pounds (#Sd) per US$1 - 90.1 (March 1992), 5.4288 (1991), 4.5004 (fixed rate since 1987), 2.8121 (1987);
  • note - free market rate 83 (December 1991)

Tanzania

Published as “Currency”

Tanzanian shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Tanzanian shilling (TSh) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Tanzanian shillings (TSh) per US$1 - 236.01 (February (1992), 219.16 (1991), 195.06 (1990), 143.38 (1989), 99.29 (1988), 64.26 (1987)

Togo

Published as “Currency”

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 281.99 (March 1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54 (1987)

Tunisia

Published as “Currency”

Tunisian dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Tunisian dinar (TD) = 1,000 millimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Tunisian dinars (TD) per US$1 - 0.9272 (March 1992), 0.9246 (1991), 0.8783 (1990), 0.9493 (1989), 0.8578 (1988), 0.8287 (1987)

Uganda

Published as “Currency”

Ugandan shilling (plural - shillings); 1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1 - 1,031.3 (March 1992), 734.0 (1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.1 (1989), 106.1 (1988), 42.8 (1987)

Western Sahara

Published as “Currency”

Moroccan dirham (plural - dirhams); 1 Moroccan dirham (DH) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US$1 - 8.889 (March 1992), 8.071 (1991), 8.242 (1990), 8.488 (1989), 8.209 (1988), 8.359 (1987)

Zambia

Published as “Currency”

Zambian kwacha (plural - kwacha); 1 Zambian kwacha (ZK) = 100 ngwee

Published as “Exchange rates”

Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1 - 128.2051 (March 1992), 61.7284 (1991), 28.9855 (1990), 12.9032 (1989), 8.2237 (1988), 8.8889 (1987)

Zimbabwe

Published as “Currency”

Zimbabwean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Zimbabwean dollar (Z$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Zimbabwean dollars (Z$) per US$1 - 4.3066 (March 1992), 3.4282 (1991), 2.4480 (1990), 2.1133 (1989), 1.8018 (1988), 1.6611 (1987)

Arctic Region

3 entries

Greenland

Published as “Currency”

Danish krone (plural - kroner); 1 Danish krone (DKr) = 100 re

Published as “Exchange rates”

Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.447 (March 1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990), 7.310 (1989), 6.732 (1988), 6.840 (1987)

Iceland

Published as “Currency”

krona (plural - kronur); 1 Icelandic krona (IKr) = 100 aurar

Published as “Exchange rates”

Icelandic kronur (IKr) per US$1 - 57.277 (January 1992), 58.996 (1991), 58.284 (1990), 57.042 (1989), 43.014 (1988), 38.677 (1987)

Svalbard

Published as “Currency”

Norwegian krone (plural - kroner); 1 Norwegian krone (NKr) = 100 ore

Published as “Exchange rates”

Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.5189 (March 1992), 6.4829 (1991), 6.2597 (1990), 6.9045 (1989), 6.5170 (1988), 6.7375 (1987)

Asia

22 entries

Afghanistan

Published as “Currency”

afghani (plural - afghanis); 1 afghani (Af) = 100 puls

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • afghanis (Af) per US$1 - 550 (May 1992, free market exchange rate), 900 (free market exchange rate as of November 1991), 850 (1991), 700 (1989-90), 220 (1988-89);
  • note - these rates reflect the bazaar rates rather than the official exchange rates

Armenia

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Azerbaijan

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Bangladesh

Published as “Currency”

taka (plural - taka); 1 taka (Tk) = 100 paise

Published as “Exchange rates”

taka (Tk) per US$1 - 38.800 (January 1992), 36.596 (1991), 34.569 (1990), 32.270 (1989), 31.733 (1988), 30.950 (1987)

Bhutan

Published as “Currency”

  • ngultrum (plural - ngultrum);
  • 1 ngultrum (Nu) = 100 chetrum;
  • note - Indian currency is also legal tender

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • ngultrum (Nu) per US$1 - 25.927 (January 1992), 22.742 (1991), 17.504 (1990), 16.226 (1989), 13.917 (1988), 12.962 (1987);
  • note - the Bhutanese ngultrum is at par with the Indian rupee

China

Published as “Currency”

yuan (plural - yuan); 1 yuan (Y) = 10 jiao

Published as “Exchange rates”

yuan (Y) per US$1 - 5.4481 (January 1992), 5.3234 (1991), 4.7832 (1990), 3.7651 (1989), 3.7221 (1988), 3.7221 (1987)

Georgia

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

India

Published as “Currency”

Indian rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Indian rupee (Re) = 100 paise

Published as “Exchange rates”

Indian rupees (Rs) per US$1 - 25.917 (January 1992), 22.742 (1991), 17.504 (1990), 16.226 (1989), 13.917 (1988), 12.962 (1987)

Japan

Published as “Currency”

yen (plural - yen); 1 yen (Y) = 100 sen

Published as “Exchange rates”

yen (Y) per US$1 - 132.70 (March 1992), 134.71 (1991), 144.79 (1990), 137.96 (1989), 128.15 (1988), 144.64 (1987)

Kazakhstan

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Korea, North now North Korea

Published as “Currency”

North Korean won (plural - won); 1 North Korean won (Wn) = 100 chon

Published as “Exchange rates”

North Korean won (Wn) per US$1 - 2.13 (May 1992), 2.14 (September 1991), 2.1 (January 1990), 2.3 (December 1989), 2.13 (December 1988), 0.94 (March 1987)

Korea, South now South Korea

Published as “Currency”

South Korean won (plural - won); 1 South Korean won (W) = 100 chon (theoretical)

Published as “Exchange rates”

South Korean won (W) per US$1 - 766.66 (January 1992), 733.35 (1991), 707.76 (1990), 671.46 (1989), 731.47 (1988), 822.57 (1987)

Kyrgyzstan

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Maldives

Published as “Currency”

rufiyaa (plural - rufiyaa); 1 rufiyaa (Rf) = 100 laaris

Published as “Exchange rates”

rufiyaa (Rf) per US$1 - 10.234 (January 1992), 10.253 (1991), 9.509 (1990), 9.0408 (1989), 8.7846 (1988), 9.2230 (1987)

Mongolia

Published as “Currency”

tughrik (plural - tughriks); 1 tughrik (Tug) = 100 mongos

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • tughriks (Tug) per US$1 - 7.1 (1991), 5.63 (1990), 3.00 (1989)

Nepal

Published as “Currency”

Nepalese rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Nepalese rupee (NR) = 100 paisa

Published as “Exchange rates”

Nepalese rupees (NRs) per US$1 - 42.7 (January 1992), 37.255 (1991), 29.370 (1990), 27.189 (1989), 23.289 (1988), 21.819 (1987)

Pakistan

Published as “Currency”

Pakistani rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Pakistani rupee (PRe) = 100 paisa

Published as “Exchange rates”

Pakistani rupees (PRs) per US$1 - 24.980 (March 1992), 23.801 (1991), 21.707 (1990), 20.541 (1989), 18.003 (1988), 17.399 (1987)

Russia

Published as “Currency”

ruble (plural - rubles); 1 ruble (R) = 100 kopeks

Published as “Exchange rates”

150 rubles per US$1 (20 July 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations

Sri Lanka

Published as “Currency”

Sri Lankan rupee (plural - rupees); 1 Sri Lankan rupee (SLRe) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Sri Lankan rupees (SLRes) per US$1 - 43.112 (March 1992), 41.372 (1991), 40.063 (1990), 36.047 (1989), 31.807 (1988), 29.445 (1987)

Tajikistan

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Turkmenistan

Published as “Currency”

As of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Uzbekistan

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Central America and the Caribbean

31 entries

Anguilla

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Antigua and Barbuda

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Aruba

Published as “Currency”

Aruban florin (plural - florins); 1 Aruban florin (Af.) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Aruban florins (Af.) per US$1 - 1.7900 (fixed rate since 1986)

The Bahamas

Published as “Currency”

Bahamian dollar (plural--dollars); 1 Bahamian dollar (B$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Bahamian dollar (B$) per US$1--1.00 (fixed rate)

Barbados

Published as “Currency”

Barbadian dollars (plural - dollars); 1 Barbadian dollar (Bds$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Barbadian dollars (Bds$) per US$1 - 2.0113 (fixed rate)

Belize

Published as “Currency”

Belizean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Belizean dollar (Bz$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Belizean dollars (Bz$) per US$1 - 2.00 (fixed rate)

British Virgin Islands

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Cayman Islands

Published as “Currency”

Caymanian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Caymanian dollar (CI$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Caymanian dollars (CI$) per US$1 - 1.20 (fixed rate)

Costa Rica

Published as “Currency”

Costa Rican colon (plural - colones); 1 Costa Rican colon (C) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Costa Rican colones (C) per US$1 - 136.35 (January 1992), 122.43 (1991), 91.58 (1990), 81.504 (1989), 75.805 (1988), 62.776 (1987)

Cuba

Published as “Currency”

Cuban peso (plural - pesos); 1 Cuban peso (Cu$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Cuban pesos (Cu$) per US$1 - 1.0000 (linked to the US dollar)

Dominica

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Dominican Republic

Published as “Currency”

Dominican peso (plural - pesos); 1 Dominican peso (RD$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Dominican pesos (RD$) per US$1 - 12.609 (January 1992), 12.692 (1991), 8.525 (1990), 6.340 (1989), 6.113 (1988), 3.845 (1987)

El Salvador

Published as “Currency”

Salvadoran colon (plural - colones); 1 Salvadoran colon (C) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Salvadoran colones (C) per US$1 - 8.1 (January 1992), floating rate since mid-1990); 5.0000 (fixed rate 1986 to mid-1990)

Grenada

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Guadeloupe

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.6397 (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Guatemala

Published as “Currency”

quetzal (plural - quetzales); 1 quetzal (Q) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • free market quetzales (Q) per US$1 - 5.0854 (January 1992), 5.0289 (1991), 2.8161 (1989), 2.6196 (1988), 2.500 (1987);
  • note - black-market rate 2.800 (May 1989)

Haiti

Published as “Currency”

gourde (plural - gourdes); 1 gourde (G) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

gourdes (G) per US$1 - 5.0 (fixed rate)

Honduras

Published as “Currency”

lempira (plural - lempiras); 1 lempira (L) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

lempiras (L) per US$1 - 5.4 (fixed rate); 5.70 parallel black-market rate (November 1990)

Jamaica

Published as “Currency”

Jamaican dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Jamaican dollar (J$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Jamaican dollars (J$) per US$1 - 21.946 (January 1992), 12.116 (1991), 7.184 (1990), 5.7446 (1989), 5.4886 (1988), 5.4867 (1987), 5.4778 (1986)

Martinique

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 (January 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Montserrat

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Netherlands Antilles

Published as “Currency”

Netherlands Antillean guilder, gulden, or florin (plural - guilders, gulden, or florins); 1 Netherlands Antillean guilder, gulden, or florin (NAf.) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Netherlands Antillean guilders, gulden, or florins (NAf.) per US$1 - 1.79 (fixed rate since 1989; 1.80 fixed rate 1971-88)

Nicaragua

Published as “Currency”

cordoba (plural - cordobas); 1 cordoba (C$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

cordobas (C$) per US$1 - 25,000,000 (March 1992), 21,354,000 (1991), 15,655 (1989), 270 (1988), 102.60 (1987)

Panama

Published as “Currency”

balboa (plural - balboas); 1 balboa (B) = 100 centesimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

balboas (B) per US$1 - 1.000 (fixed rate)

Puerto Rico

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Saint Lucia

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Published as “Currency”

East Caribbean dollar (plural - dollars); 1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)

Trinidad and Tobago

Published as “Currency”

Trinidad and Tobago dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TT$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TT$) per US$1 - 4.2500 (March 1992), 4.2500 (1991), 4.2500 (1990), 4.2500 (1989), 3.8438 (1988), 3.6000 (1987)

Turks and Caicos Islands

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Virgin Islands

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Europe

45 entries

Albania

Published as “Currency”

lek (plural - leke); 1 lek (L) = 100 qintars

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • leke (L) per US$1 - 50 (January 1992), 25 (September 1991)

Andorra

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs) and Spanish peseta (plural - pesetas); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes and 1 Spanish peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 January (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987);
  • Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 100.02 (January 1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989), 116.49 (1988), 123.48 (1987)

Austria

Published as “Currency”

Austrian schilling (plural - schillings); 1 Austrian schilling (S) = 100 groschen

Published as “Exchange rates”

Austrian schillings (S) per US$1 - 11.068 (January 1992), 11.676 (1991), 11.370 (1990), 13.231 (1989), 12.348 (1988), 12.643 (1987)

Belarus

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Belgium

Published as “Currency”

Belgian franc (plural - francs); 1 Belgian franc (BF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

Belgian francs (BF) per US$1 - 32.462 (January 1992), 34.148 (1991), 33.418 (1990), 39.404 (1989), 36.768 (1988), 37.334 (1987)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Published as “Currency”

none; note - Croatian dinar used in ethnic Croat areas, Yugoslav dinar used in all other areas

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Bulgaria

Published as “Currency”

lev (plural - leva); 1 lev (Lv) = 100 stotinki

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • leva (Lv) per US$1 - 17.18 (1 January 1992), 16.13 (March 1991), 0.7446 (November 1990), 0.84 (1989), 0.82 (1988), 0.90 (1987);
  • note - floating exchange rate since February 1991

Croatia

Published as “Currency”

Croatian dinar(s)

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Croatian dinar per US $1 - 60.00 (April 1992)

Czechoslovakia

Published as “Currency”

koruna (plural - koruny); 1 koruna (Kc) = 100 haleru

Published as “Exchange rates”

koruny (Kcs) per US$1 - 28.36 (January 1992), 29.53 (1991), 17.95 (1990), 15.05 (1989), 14.36 (1988), 13.69 (1987)

Denmark

Published as “Currency”

Danish krone (plural - kroner); 1 Danish krone (DKr) = 100 re

Published as “Exchange rates”

Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.116 (January 1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990), 7.310 (1989), 6.732 (1988), 6.840 (1987)

Estonia

Published as “Currency”

kroon; to be introduced in 1992

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Faroe Islands

Published as “Currency”

Danish krone (plural - kroner); 1 Danish krone (DKr) = 100 ore

Published as “Exchange rates”

Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.116 (January 1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990), 7.310 (1989), 6.732 (1988), 6.840 (1987)

Finland

Published as “Currency”

markka (plural - markkaa); 1 markka (FMk) or Finmark = 100 pennia

Published as “Exchange rates”

markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.2967 (January 1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990), 4.2912 (1989), 4.1828 (1988), 4.3956 (1987)

France

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 (January 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Germany

Published as “Currency”

deutsche mark (plural - deutsche marks); 1 deutsche mark (DM) = 100 pfennige

Published as “Exchange rates”

deutsche marks (DM) per US$1 - 1.6611 (March 1992), 1.6595 (1991), 1.6157 (1990), 1.8800 (1989), 1.7562 (1988), 1.7974 (1987)

Gibraltar

Published as “Currency”

Gibraltar pound (plural - pounds); 1 Gibraltar pound (#G) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Gibraltar pounds (#G) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987);
  • note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound

Greece

Published as “Currency”

drachma (plural - drachmas); 1 drachma (Dr) = 100 lepta

Published as “Exchange rates”

drachma (Dr) per US$1 - 182.33 (January 1992), 182.27 (1991), 158.51 (1990), 162.42 (1989), 141.86 (1988), 135.43 (1987)

Guernsey

Published as “Currency”

Guernsey pound (plural - pounds); 1 Guernsey (#G) pound = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Guernsey pounds (#G) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987);
  • note - the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound

Holy See (Vatican City)

Published as “Currency”

Vatican lira (plural - lire); 1 Vatican lira (VLit) = 100 centesimi

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Vatican lire (VLit) per US$1 - 1,248.4 (March 1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1,372.1 (1989), 1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987);
  • note - the Vatican lira is at par with the Italian lira which circulates freely

Hungary

forint (plural - forints); 1 forint (Ft) = 100 filler

Ireland

Published as “Currency”

Irish pound (plural - pounds); 1 Irish pound (#Ir) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

Irish pounds (#Ir) per US$1 - 0.6227 (March 1992), 0.6190 (1991), 0.6030 (1990), 0.7472 (1989), 0.6553 (1988), 0.6720 (1987)

Man, Isle of now Isle of Man

Published as “Currency”

Manx pound (plural - pounds); 1 Manx pound (#M) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Manx pounds (#M) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0. 6102 (1987);
  • the Manx pound is at par with the British pound

Italy

Published as “Currency”

Italian lira (plural - lire); 1 Italian lira (Lit) = 100 centesimi

Published as “Exchange rates”

Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,248.4 (March 1992), 1,240.6 (January 1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1,372.1 (1989), 1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987)

Jersey

Published as “Currency”

Jersey pound (plural - pounds); 1 Jersey pound (#J) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Jersey pounds (#J) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987), 0.6817 (1986);
  • the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound

Latvia

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency but planning early introduction of ``lat''

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Liechtenstein

Published as “Currency”

Swiss franc, franken, or franco (plural - francs, franken, or franchi); 1 Swiss franc, franken, or franco (SwF) = 100 centimes, rappen, or centesimi

Published as “Exchange rates”

Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.5079 (March 1992), 1.4340 (1991), 1.3892 (1990), 1.6359 (1989), 1.4633 (1988), 1.4912 (1987)

Lithuania

Published as “Currency”

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency but planning early introduction of ``litas''

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

Luxembourg

Published as “Currency”

Luxembourg franc (plural - francs); 1 Luxembourg franc (LuxF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Luxembourg francs (LuxF) per US$1 - 32.462 (January 1992), 34.148 (1991), 33.418 (1990), 39.404 (1989), 36.768 (1988), 37.334 (1987);
  • note - the Luxembourg franc is at par with the Belgian franc, which circulates freely in Luxembourg

Malta

Published as “Currency”

Maltese lira (plural - liri); 1 Maltese lira (LM) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Maltese liri (LM) per US$1 - 0.3257 (March 1992), 0.3004 (1991), 0.3172 (1990), 0.3483 (1989), 0.3306 (1988), 0.3451 (1987)

Moldova

as of May 1992, retaining ruble as currency

Monaco

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 (January 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Netherlands

Published as “Currency”

Netherlands guilder, gulden, or florin (plural - guilders, gulden, or florins); 1 Netherlands guilder, gulden, or florin (f.) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Netherlands guilders, gulden, or florins (f.) per US$1 - 1.7753 (January 1992), 1.8697 (1991), 1.8209 (1990), 2.1207 (1989), 1.9766 (1988), 2.0257 (1987)

Macedonia now North Macedonia

Published as “Currency”

denar (plural - denars); 1 denar (NA) = 100 NA

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • denar (NA) per US$1 - 240 (January 1991)

Norway

Published as “Currency”

Norwegian krone (plural - kroner); 1 Norwegian krone (NKr) = 100 re

Published as “Exchange rates”

Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.1956 (January 1992), 6.4829 (1991), 6.2597 (1990), 6.9045 (1989), 6.5170 (1988), 6.7375 (1987)

Poland

Published as “Currency”

Zoty (plural - Zotych); 1 Zoty (Z) = 100 groszy

Published as “Exchange rates”

Zotych (z) per US$1 - 13,443 (March 1992), 10,576 (1991), 9,500 (1990), 1,439.18 (1989), 430.55 (1988), 265.08 (1987)

Portugal

Published as “Currency”

Portuguese escudo (plural - escudos); 1 Portuguese escudo (Esc) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Portuguese escudos (Esc) per US$1 - 143.09 (March 1992), 144.48 (1991), 142.55 (1990), 157.46 (1989), 143.95 (1988), 140.88 (1987)

Romania

Published as “Currency”

leu (plural - lei); 1 leu (L) = 100 bani

Published as “Exchange rates”

lei (L) per US$1 - 198.00 (March 1992), 76.39 (1991), 22.432 (1990), 14.922 (1989), 14.277 (1988), 14.557 (1987)

San Marino

Published as “Currency”

  • Italian lira (plural - lire);
  • 1 Italian lira (Lit) = 100 centesimi;
  • also mints its own coins

Published as “Exchange rates”

Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,248.4 (March 1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1,372.1 (1989), 1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987)

Serbia and Montenegro

Published as “Currency”

Yugoslav New Dinar (plural - New Dinars); 1 Yugo New Dinar (YD) = 100 paras

Published as “Exchange rates”

Yugoslav New Dinars (YD) per US $1 - 28.230 (December 1991), 15.162 (1990), 15.528 (1989), 0.701 (1988), 0.176 (1987)

Slovenia

Published as “Currency”

Slovene Tolar (plural - Tolars); 1 Tolar (SLT) = 100 NA

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Tolars (SLT) per US$1 - 28 (January 1992)

Spain

Published as “Currency”

peseta (plural - pesetas); 1 peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 104.79 (March 1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989), 116.49 (1988), 123.48 (1987)

Sweden

Published as “Currency”

Swedish krona (plural - kronor); 1 Swedish krona (SKr) = 100 ore

Published as “Exchange rates”

Swedish kronor (SKr) per US$1 - 6.0259 (March 1992), 6.0475 (1991) 5.9188 (1990), 6.4469 (1989), 6.1272 (1988), 6.3404 (1987)

Switzerland

Published as “Currency”

Swiss franc, franken, or franco (plural - francs, franken, or franchi); 1 Swiss franc, franken, or franco (SwF) = 100 centimes, rappen, or centesimi

Published as “Exchange rates”

Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.4037 (January 1992), 1.4340 (1991), 1.3892 (1990), 1.6359 (1989), 1.4633 (1988), 1.4912 (1987)

Ukraine

Published as “Currency”

  • as of August 1992 using ruble and Ukrainian coupons as legal tender;
  • Ukraine plans to withdraw the ruble from circulation and convert to a coupon-based economy on 1 October 1992;
  • Ukrainian officials claim this will be an interim move toward introducing a Ukrainian currency - the hryvnya - possibly as early as January 1993

Published as “Exchange rates”

NA

United Kingdom

Published as “Currency”

British pound or pound sterling (plural - pounds); 1 British pound (#) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

British pounds (#) per US$1 - 0.5799 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987)

Middle East

17 entries

Bahrain

Published as “Currency”

Bahraini dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Bahraini dinar (BD) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

Bahraini dinars (BD) per US$1 - 0.3760 (fixed rate)

Cyprus

Published as “Currency”

Cypriot pound (plural - pounds) and in Turkish area, Turkish lira (plural - liras); 1 Cypriot pound (#C) = 100 cents and 1 Turkish lira (TL) = 100 kurus

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Cypriot pounds (#C) per US$1 - 0.4683 (March 1992), 0.4615 (1991), 0.4572 (1990), 0.4933 (1989), 0.4663 (1988), 0.4807 (1987);
  • in Turkish area, Turkish liras (TL) per US$1 - 6,098.4 (March 1992), 4,173.9 (1991), 2,608.6 (1990), 2,121.7 (1989), 1,422.3 (1988), 857.2 (1987)

Gaza Strip

Published as “Currency”

new Israeli shekel (plural - shekels); 1 new Israeli shekel (NIS) = 100 new agorot

Published as “Exchange rates”

new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 2.2984 (January 1992), 2.2792 (1991), 2.0162 (1990), 1.9164 (1989), 1.5989 (1988), 1.5946 (1987)

Iran

Published as “Currency”

  • Iranian rial (plural - rials);
  • 1 Iranian rial (IR) = 100 dinars;
  • note - domestic figures are generally referred to in terms of the toman (plural - tomans), which equals 10 rials

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Iranian rials (IR) per US$1 - 65.515 (January 1992), 67.505 (1991), 68.096 (1990), 72.015 (1989), 68.683 (1988), 71.460 (1987);
  • note - black-market rate 1,400 (January 1991)

Iraq

Published as “Currency”

Iraqi dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Iraqi dinar (ID) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

Iraqi dinars (ID) per US$1 - 3.1 (fixed official rate since 1982); black-market rate (December 1991) US$1 = 12 Iraqi dinars

Israel

Published as “Currency”

new Israeli shekel (plural - shekels); 1 new Israeli shekel (NIS) = 100 new agorot

Published as “Exchange rates”

new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 2.4019 (March 1992), 2.2791 (1991), 2.0162 (1990), 1.9164 (1989), 1.5989 (1988), 1.5946 (1987)

Jordan

Published as “Currency”

Jordanian dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Jordanian dinar (JD) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

Jordanian dinars (JD) per US$1 - 0.6861 (March 1992), 0.6807 1991), 0.6636 (1990), 0.5704 (1989), 0.3709 (1988), 0.3387 (1987)

Kuwait

Published as “Currency”

Kuwaiti dinar (plural - dinars); 1 Kuwaiti dinar (KD) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US$1 - 0.2950 (March 1992), 0.2843 (1991), 0.2915 (1990), 0.2937 (1989), 0.2790 (1988), 0.2786 (1987)

Lebanon

Published as “Currency”

Lebanese pound (plural - pounds); 1 Lebanese pound (#L) = 100 piasters

Published as “Exchange rates”

Lebanese pounds (#L) per US$1 - 879.00 (January 1992), 928.23 (1991), 695.09 (1990), 496.69 (1989), 409.23 (1988), 224.60 (1987)

Oman

Published as “Currency”

Omani rial (plural - rials); 1 Omani rial (RO) = 1,000 baiza

Published as “Exchange rates”

Omani rials (RO) per US$1 - 0.3845 (fixed rate since 1986)

Qatar

Published as “Currency”

Qatari riyal (plural - riyals); 1 Qatari riyal (QR) = 100 dirhams

Published as “Exchange rates”

Qatari riyals (QR) per US$1 - 3.6400 riyals (fixed rate)

Saudi Arabia

Published as “Currency”

Saudi riyal (plural - riyals); 1 Saudi riyal (SR) = 100 halalas

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Saudi riyals (SR) per US$1 - 3.7450 (fixed rate since late 1986), 3.7033 (1986)

Syria

Published as “Currency”

Syrian pound (plural - pounds); 1 Syrian pound (#S) = 100 piasters

Published as “Exchange rates”

Syrian pounds (#S) per US$1 - 22.0 (promotional rate since 1991), 11.2250 (fixed rate 1987-90), 3.9250 (fixed rate 1976-87)

Turkey now Turkiye

Published as “Currency”

Turkish lira (plural - liras); 1 Turkish lira (TL) = 100 kurus

Published as “Exchange rates”

Turkish liras (TL) per US$1 - 6,098.4 (March 1992), 4,171.8 (1991), 2,608.6 (1990), 2,121.7 (1989), 1,422.3 (1988), 857.2 (1987)

United Arab Emirates

Published as “Currency”

Emirian dirham (plural - dirhams); 1 Emirian dirham (Dh) = 100 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

Emirian dirhams (Dh) per US$1 - 3.6710 (fixed rate)

West Bank

Published as “Currency”

  • new Israeli shekel (plural - shekels) and Jordanian dinar (plural - dinars);
  • 1 new Israeli shekel (NIS) = 100 new agorot and 1 Jordanian dinar (JD) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 2.4019 (March 1992), 2.2791 (1991), 2.0162 (1990), 1.9164 (1989), 1.5989 (1988), 1.5946 (1987);
  • Jordanian dinars (JD) per US$1 - 0.6760 (January 1992), 0.6810 (1991), 0.6636 (1990), 0.5704 (1989), 0.3709 (1988), 0.3387 (1987)

Yemen

Published as “Currency”

  • North Yemeni riyal (plural - riyals);
  • 1 North Yemeni riyal (YR) = 100 fils;
  • South Yemeni dinar (plural - dinars);
  • 1 South Yemeni dinar (YD) = 1,000 fils

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • North Yemeni riyals (YR) per US$1 - 12,1000 (June 1992), 12.0000 (1991), 9.7600 (1990), 9.7600 (January 1989), 9.7717 (1988), 10.3417 (1987);
  • South Yemeni dinars (YD) per US$1 - 0.3454 (fixed rate)

North America

5 entries

Bermuda

Published as “Currency”

Bermudian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Bermudian dollar (Bd$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Bermudian dollar (Bd$) per US$1 - 1.0000 (fixed rate)

Canada

Published as “Currency”

Canadian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Canadian dollar (Can$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.1565 (January 1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990), 1.1840 (1989), 1.2307 (1988), 1.3260 (1987)

Mexico

Published as “Currency”

Mexican peso (plural - pesos); 1 Mexican peso (Mex$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

market rate of Mexican pesos (Mex$) per US$1 - 3,068.5 (January 1992), 3,018.4 (1991) 2,940.9 (January 1991), 2,812.6 (1990), 2,461.3 (1989), 2,273.1 (1988), 1,378.2 (1987)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.6397 (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

United States

Published as “Currency”

United States dollar (plural - dollars); 1 United States dollar (US$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

British pounds:
(#) per US$ - 0.5599 (March 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987)
Canadian dollars:
(Can$) per US$ - 1.1926 (March 1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990), 1.1840 (1989), 1.2307 (1988), 1.3260 (1987)
French francs:
(F) per US$ - 5.6397, (March 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)
Italian lire:
(Lit) per US$ - 1,248.4 (March 1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1.372.1 (1989), 1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987)
Japanese yen:
(Y) per US$ - 132.70 (March 1992), 134.71 (1991), 144.79 (1990), 137.96 (1989), 128.15 (1988), 144.64 (1987)
German deutsche marks:
(DM) per US$ - 1.6611 (March 1992), 1.6595 (1991), 1.6157 (1990), 1.8800 (1989), 1.7562 (1988), 1.7974 (1987)

Oceania

25 entries

American Samoa

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Australia

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3360 (January 1992), 1.2836 (1991), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

Cook Islands

Published as “Currency”

New Zealand dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.8502 (January 1992), 1.7266 (1991), 1.6750 (1990), 1.6711 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6886 (1987)

Fiji

Published as “Currency”

Fijian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Fijian dollar (F$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Fijian dollars (F$) per US$1 - 1.4855 (January 1992), 1.4756 (1991), 1.4809 (1990), 1.4833 (1989), 1.4303 (1988), 1.2439 (1987)

French Polynesia

Published as “Currency”

Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (plural - francs); 1 CFP franc (CFPF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 97.81 (January 1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.00 (1990), 115.99 (1989), 108.30 (1988), 109.27 (1987);
  • note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc

Guam

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Kiribati

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3177 (March 1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987), 1.4905 (1986)

Marshall Islands

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Nauru

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3177 (March 1992), 1.2834 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

New Caledonia

Published as “Currency”

Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (plural - francs); 1 CFP franc (CFPF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Comptoirs Francais duPacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 97.81 (January 1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.00 (1990), 115.99 (1989), 108.30 (1988), 109.27 (1987);
  • note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc

New Zealand

Published as “Currency”

New Zealand dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.8245 (March 1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990), 1.6711 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6886 (1987)

Niue

Published as “Currency”

New Zealand dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.8245 (March 1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990), 1.6711 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6886 (1987)

Norfolk Island

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3177 (March 1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

Northern Mariana Islands

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau

Published as “Currency”

US currency is used

Published as “Exchange rates”

US currency is used

Papua New Guinea

Published as “Currency”

kina (plural - kina); 1 kina (K) = 100 toea

Published as “Exchange rates”

kina (K) per US$1 - 1.0413 (March 1992), 1.0508 (1991), 1.0467 (1990), 1.1685 (1989), 1.1538 (1988), 1.1012 (1987)

Pitcairn Islands

Published as “Currency”

New Zealand dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.8245 (March 1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990), 1.6711 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6866 (1987)

Western Samoa now Samoa

Published as “Currency”

tala (plural - tala); 1 tala (WS$) = 100 sene

Published as “Exchange rates”

tala (WS$) per US$1 - 2,4284 (March 1992), 2,3975 (1991), 2.3095 (1990), 2.2686 (1989), 2.0790 (1988), 2.1204 (1987)

Solomon Islands

Published as “Currency”

Solomon Islands dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Solomon Islands dollar (SI$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Solomon Islands dollars (SI$) per US$1 - 2.8740 (March 1992), 2.7148 (1991), 2.5288 (1990), 2.2932 (1989), 2.0825 (1988), 2.0033 (1987)

Tokelau

Published as “Currency”

New Zealand dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Zealand dollar (NZ$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.8245 (March 1992), l.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990), 1.6708 (1989), 1.5244 (1988), 1.6886 (1987)

Tonga

Published as “Currency”

pa'anga (plural - pa'anga); 1 pa'anga (T$) = 100 seniti

Published as “Exchange rates”

pa'anga (T$) per US$1 - 1.2987 (January 1992), 1.2961 (1991), 1.2809 (1990), 1.2637 (1989), 1.2799 (1988), 1.4282 (1987)

Tuvalu

Published as “Currency”

Tuvaluan dollar and Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Tuvaluan dollar ($T) or 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Tuvaluan dollars ($T) or Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3117 (March 1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

Vanuatu

Published as “Currency”

vatu (plural - vatu); 1 vatu (VT) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

vatu (VT) per US$1 - 112.55 (March 1992), 111.68 (1991), 116.57 (1990), 116.04 (1989), 104.43 (1988), 109.85 (1987)

Wallis and Futuna

Published as “Currency”

Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (plural - francs); 1 CFP franc (CFPF) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 102.53 (March 1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.0 (1990), 115.99 (1989), 108.30 (1988), 109.27 (1987);
  • note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc

South America

14 entries

Argentina

Published as “Currency”

peso (plural - pesos); 1 pesos = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

pesos per US$1 - 0.99076 (Feburary 1992), 0.95355 (1991), 0.48759 (1990), 0.04233 (1989), 0.00088 (1988), 0.00021 (1987)

Bolivia

Published as “Currency”

boliviano (plural - bolivianos); 1 boliviano ($B) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

bolivianos ($B) per US$1 - 3.7534 (January 1992), 3.5806 (1991), 3.1727 (1990), 2.6917 (1989), 2.3502 (1988), 2.0549 (1987)

Brazil

Published as “Currency”

cruzeiro (plural - cruzeiros); 1 cruzeiro (Cr$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

cruzeiros (Cr$) per US$1 - 1,197.38 (January 1992), 406.61 (1991), 68.300 (1990), 2.834 (1989), 0.26238 (1988), 0.03923 (1987)

Chile

Published as “Currency”

Chilean peso (plural - pesos); 1 Chilean peso (Ch$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Chilean pesos (Ch$) per US$1 - 368.66 (January 1992), 349.37 (1991), 305.06 (1990), 267.16 (1989), 245.05 (1988), 219.54 (1987)

Colombia

Published as “Currency”

Colombian peso (plural - pesos); 1 Colombian peso (Col$) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Colombian pesos (Col$) per US$1 - 711.88 (January 1992), 633.08 (1991), 550.00 (1990), 435.00 (1989), 336.00 (1988), 242.61 (1987)

Ecuador

Published as “Currency”

sucre (plural - sucres); 1 sucre (S/) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

sucres (S/) per US$1 - 1,046.25 (1991), 869.54 (December 1990), 767.75 (1990), 526.35 (1989), 301.61 (1988), 170.46 (1987)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Published as “Currency”

Falkland pound (plural - pounds); 1 Falkland pound (#F) = 100 pence

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Falkland pound (#F) per US$1 - 0.5519 (January 1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5604 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987);
  • note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound

French Guiana

Published as “Currency”

French franc (plural - francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Published as “Exchange rates”

French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 (January 1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987)

Guyana

Published as “Currency”

Guyanese dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Guyanese dollar (G$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Guyanese dollars (G$) per US$1 - 124.1 (March 1992) 111.8 (1991), 39.533 (1990), 27.159 (1989), 10.000 (1988), 9.756 (1987)

Paraguay

Published as “Currency”

guarani (plural - guaranies); 1 guarani (G) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

guaranies (G) per US$ - 1,447.5 (March 1992), 1,325.2 (1991), 1,229.8 (1990), 1,056.2 (1989), 550.00 (fixed rate 1986-February 1989),

Peru

Published as “Currency”

(S/.) nuevo sol (plural - nuevos soles); 1 nuevo sol (S/.) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

nuevo sol (S/. per US$1 - 0.960 (March 1992), 0.772 (1991), 0.187 (1990), 2.666 (1989), 0.129 (1988), 0.017 (1987)

Suriname

Published as “Currency”

Surinamese guilder, gulden, or florin (plural - guilders, gulden, or florins); 1 Surinamese guilder, gulden, or florin (Sf.) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Surinamese guilders, gulden, or florins (Sf.) per US$1 - 1.7850 (fixed rate)

Uruguay

Published as “Currency”

new Uruguayan peso (plural - pesos); 1 new Uruguayan peso (N$Ur) = 100 centesimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

new Uruguayan pesos (N$Ur) per US$1 - 2,732.8 (March 1992), 2,018.8 (1991), 1,171.0 (1990), 605.5 (1989), 359.4 (1988), 226.7 (1987)

Venezuela

Published as “Currency”

bolivar (plural - bolivares); 1 bolivar (Bs) = 100 centimos

Published as “Exchange rates”

bolivares (Bs) per US$1 - 65.39 (March 1992), 56.82 (1991), 46.90 (1990), 34.68 (1989), 14.50 (fixed rate 1987-88)

Southeast Asia

15 entries

Brunei

Published as “Currency”

Bruneian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1 - 1.7454 (January 1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988), 2.1060 (1987), 2.1774 (1986);
  • note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar

Burma now Burma (Myanmar)

Published as “Currency”

kyat (plural - kyats); 1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas

Published as “Exchange rates”

kyats (K) per US$1 - 6.0963 (January 1992), 6.2837 (1991), 6.3386 (1990), 6.7049 (1989), 6.46 (1988), 6.6535 (1987)

Cambodia

Published as “Currency”

riel (plural - riels); 1 riel (CR) = 100 sen

Published as “Exchange rates”

riels (CR) per US$1 - 714 (May 1992), 500 (December 1991), 560 (1990), 159.00 (1988), 100.00 (1987)

Christmas Island

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3360 (January 1992), 1.2836 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

Cocos Islands now Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Published as “Currency”

Australian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3360 (January 1992), 1.2836 (1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987)

Hong Kong

Published as “Currency”

Hong Kong dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Hong Kong dollar (HK$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • Hong Kong dollars (HK$) per US$ - 7.800 (1991), 7.790 (1990), 7.800 (1989), 7.810 (1988), 7.760 (1987);
  • note - linked to the US dollar at the rate of about 7.8 HK$ per 1 US$ since 1985

Indonesia

Published as “Currency”

Indonesian rupiah (plural - rupiahs); 1 Indonesian rupiah (Rp) = 100 sen (sen no longer used)

Published as “Exchange rates”

Indonesian rupiahs (Rp) per US$1 - 1,998.2 (January 1992), 1,950.3 (1991), 1,842.8 (1990), 1,770.1 (1989), 1,685.7 (1988), 1,643.8 (1987)

Laos

Published as “Currency”

new kip (plural - kips); 1 new kip (NK) = 100 at

Published as “Exchange rates”

new kips (NK) per US$1 - 710 (May 1992), 710 (December 1991), 700 (September 1990), 576 (1989), 385 (1988), 200 (1987)

Macau

Published as “Currency”

pataca (plural - patacas); 1 pataca (P) = 100 avos

Published as “Exchange rates”

  • patacas (P) per US$1 - 8.034 (1991), 8.024 (1990), 8.030 (1989), 8.044 (1988), 7.993 (1987);
  • note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar

Malaysia

Published as “Currency”

ringgit (plural - ringgits); 1 ringgit (M$) = 100 sen

Published as “Exchange rates”

ringgits (M$) per US$1 - 2.6930 (January 1992), 2.7501 (1991), 1.7048 (1990), 2.7088 (1989), 2.6188 (1988), 2.5196 (1987)

Philippines

Published as “Currency”

Philippine peso (plural - pesos); 1 Philippine peso (P) = 100 centavos

Published as “Exchange rates”

Philippine pesos (P) per US$1 - 25.810 (March 1992), 27.479 (1991), 24.311 (1990), 21.737 (1989), 21.095 (1988), 20.568 (1987)

Singapore

Published as “Currency”

Singapore dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Singapore dollar (S$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

Singapore dollars (S$) per US$1 - 1.6596 (March 1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988), 2.1060 (1987)

Taiwan

Published as “Currency”

New Taiwan dollar (plural - dollars); 1 New Taiwan dollar (NT$) = 100 cents

Published as “Exchange rates”

New Taiwan dollars per US$1 - 25.000 (February 1992), 25.748 (1991), 27.108 (1990), 26.407 (1989) 28.589 (1988), 31.845 (1987)

Thailand

Published as “Currency”

baht (plural - baht); 1 baht (B) = 100 satang

Published as “Exchange rates”

baht (B) per US$1 - 25.614 (March 1992), 25.517 (1991), 25.585 (1990), 25.702 (1989), 25.294 (1988), 25.723 (1987)

Vietnam

Published as “Currency”

new dong (plural - new dong); 1 new dong (D) = 100 xu

Published as “Exchange rates”

new dong (D) per US$1 - 11,100 (May 1992), 8,100 (July 1991), 7,280 (December 1990), 3,996 (March 1990), 2,047 (1988), 225 (1987); note - 1985-89 figures are end of year

Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1992, “Exchange rates”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/exchange-rates/1992.

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