Labor force In 36 editions of 36.

NA

9.1 million (2000 est.)

5 million (1997 est.)

NA

235,000 formal sector employees (1995)

5 million (1999) note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment

1.9 million

NA

NA

NA

NA

144,500 (1996 est.)

14.51 million (1993 est.)

NA

68% agricultural (2000 est.)

282,000

19.9 million (2000 est.)

NA

NA

NA

NA

600,000

400,000

9 million (2000 est.)

3 million (1999)

480,000

9.2 million (1998 est.)

700,000 economically active

1.5 million (2000 est.)

7 million (1999)

3.5 million

NA

750,000 (1999)

514,000 (1995)

NA

11 million (1997 est.)

7.4 million (1997 est.)

500,000

70,000 receive regular wages or salaries

66 million (1999 est.)

261,000 (1995)

3.6 million

3,500 (1998 est.) note: 1,200 of whom are working offshore

NA

NA

30,900 (1996)

• 1.369 million (1981 est.) note: only about 65,000 wage earners (1985)

• 3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers) (1993 est.)

17 million economically active (2000)

11 million (1996 est.)

13.495 million

1.74 million (1996)

2.65 million (2000 est.) note: shortage of skilled labor

8.361 million (1993 est.)

12,000

3.4 million

5.5 million (2000 est.)

24,500 (1999 est.)

159,000 (2000)

NA

10 million (2000 est.)

1.5 million (1999)

2.9 million (1997)

• 64.1 million (1998) note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia;
• workers' remittances estimated at $1.71 billion in 1998-99

NA note:

massive lack of skilled labor

700 million (1998 est.)

3.08 million (1997)

NA

67.7 million (December 2000)

8.8 million (1997)

9.6 million

22 million (2000)

1.7 million

67,000 (1995)

1.3 million (1999)

10 million (1996 est.) note: severe lack of skilled labor

40 million note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2000 est.)

66 million (1997)

6.6 million (1998)

1.9 million (1996)

2.34 million (1996)

11.9 million (1998 est.)

4,400 (1992)

30,000

41,501 (1997 est.)

156,000 (1999)

136,000 (1998 est.)

71,000 note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel (1997 est.)

4,911 (1980)

19,820 (1995)

1.9 million (1999)

• 4.3 million (2000 est.) note: state sector 75%, non-state sector 25% (1998)

25,000

2.3 million - 2.6 million

2.35 million (1999)

42,300 (1996)

125,900 (1997)

4.2 million (1999 est.)

3.6 million (1995) note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1998)

2.3 million (1997 est.)

1.13 million (1998)

170,000 (1997)

4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity

89,000

1.7 million (1999)

1.1 million (2000 est.) note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor

1.3 million (2000)

18,172 (June 1995)

43,800

67,000 (1984 est.)

558,700 (1998)

4,848 (1990 est.)

47,443 (1990 est.)

1.692 million (including 352,000 emigrant workers and 261,000 domestically unemployed) (1994 est.)

30,787 salaried employees (1998)

3.7 million (1999)

4.8 million (2000)

4.34 million (1999)

1.026 million

3.83 million (2000 est.)

1.68 million (October 2000)

5.203 million (1999 est.)

2.856 million (2000 est.)

785,500 (1999 est.)

24,250 (October 2000)

2.6 million (2000 est.)

25 million (2000)

40.5 million (1999 est.)

14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)

4.32 million (1999 est.)

31,322 (2000)

NA

4.2 million (1997)

1.82 million (2000 est.)

36,610 (1998)

23.4 million (2000)

57,050 (1996)

1.4 million (2000 est.)

22,891 of which 13,847 are foreigners; 8,231 commute from Austria and Switzerland to work each day

2 million (2000 est.)

248,000 (of whom 70,200 are foreign cross-border workers primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany) (2000)

145,901 (1999)

1.7 million (1998)

30,540 (January 1994)

7.2 million (2000)

1 million (1999 est.)

2.4 million (2000 est.)

17.2 million (1999 est.)

5 million (1999)

9.9 million (1999 est.)

18,500 (1999)

1.6 million (1999 est.)

3 million (1999)

857,400

17 million (2000)

4.4 million (2000 est.)

• 3.9 million (964,000 foreign workers, mostly Italian) (1998 est.)

22.8 million (yearend 1997)

29.2 million (1999)

295,000 (1998 est.) note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

Greek Cypriot area:

291,000; Turkish Cypriot area: 86,300 (2000)

NA

• 17.3 million note: shortage of skilled labor (1998)

4.4 million (1989)

2.4 million (2000 est.)

1.15 million note: in addition, at least 300,000 workers are employed abroad (1997 est.)

1.3 million (1998 est.) note: 68% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

1.3 million (1999 est.) note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers (1997 est.)

850,000 (1997 est.)

233,000 (1993 est.)

7 million note: 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

4.7 million (1998 est.)

• 23 million (2000 est.) note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (1999)

1.4 million (1998 est.) note: 75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)

NA

NA