The CIA World Factbook Edition 1990 Government
Executive branch In 36 editions of 36.
Executive branch was published in 36 editions of the CIA World Factbook, from 1990 to 2025. The 1990 edition carries it in 215 entries, in its Government section. Every entry is shown as that edition published it.
- entries in the 1990 edition
- 215
- the first edition with it
- 1990
- the latest edition with it
- 2025
Published as “Executive branch” (1990 to 2025), “Elections” (1990 to 1993) and “Leaders” (1990 to 1993), and under 2 other headings in a few entries, mostly where the source split this field into parts.
the entry has the field in that editionnot in that editionthe open editionEach entry below ends in its editions with Executive branch, 1990 to 2025. Point at a year above to follow it down; choose one in a row to read that edition’s text there.
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Entries with Executive branch in each edition
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Africa
56 entriesAngola
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- chairman of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Elections”
none held to date
Burkina now Burkina Faso
Published as “Executive branch”
chairman of the Popular Front, Council of Ministers
Published as “Elections”
the National Assembly was dissolved 25 November 1980 and no elections are scheduled
Cape Verde now Cabo Verde
- president,
- prime minister,
- deputy minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Swaziland now Eswatini
Published as “Executive branch”
- monarch,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
no direct elections
Ethiopia
- president,
- vice president,
- Council of State prime minister,
- five deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Ghana
Published as “Executive branch”
- chairman of the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC),
- PNDC,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
none
Guinea
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- Military Committee for National Recovery (Comite Militaire de Redressement National or CMRN),
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Elections”
none
Guinea-Bissau
- president of the Council of State,
- vice presidents of the Council of State,
- Council of State,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Libya
Published as “Executive branch”
- revolutionary leader,
- chairman of the General People's Committee,
- General People's Committee (cabinet)
Published as “Elections”
national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of revolutionary committees
Mauritania
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- Military Committee for National Salvation (CMSN),
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Elections”
- none;
- last presidential election August 1976;
- National Assembly dissolved 10 July 1978;
- no national elections are scheduled
Mauritius
- British monarch,
- governor general,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Mozambique
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
national elections are indirect and based on mass meetings throughout the country
Nigeria
- president of the Armed Forces Ruling Council,
- Armed Forces Ruling Council,
- National Council of State,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
St. Helena now Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
- British monarch,
- governor,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Senegal
Published as “Executive branch”
president, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
Chief of State and Head of Government--President Abdou DIOUF (since 1 January 1981)
South Africa
- state president,
- cabinet,
- Executive Council (cabinet) Ministers' Councils (from the three houses of Parliament)
Sudan
Published as “Executive branch”
- executive and legislative authority vested in a 15-member Revolutionary Command Council (RCC);
- chairman of the RCC acts as prime minister;
- in July 1989 RCC appointed a predominately civilian 22-member cabinet to function as advisers
Published as “Elections”
none
Tanzania
- president,
- first vice president and prime minister of the union,
- second vice president and president of Zanzibar,
- Cabinet
Antarctic Region
1 entryArctic Region
2 entriesAsia
13 entriesAfghanistan
- president,
- four vice presidents,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Bangladesh
- president,
- vice president,
- prime minister,
- three deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Bhutan
Published as “Executive branch”
- monarch,
- chairman of the Royal Advisory Council,
- Royal Advisory Council (Lodoi Tsokde),
- chairman of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers (Lhengye Shungtsog)
Published as “Elections”
no national elections
China
- president,
- vice president,
- premier,
- three vice premiers,
- State Council,
- Central Military Commission (de facto)
Korea, North now North Korea
- president,
- two vice presidents,
- premier,
- nine vice premiers,
- State Administration Council (cabinet)
Korea, South now South Korea
- president,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- State Council (cabinet)
Mongolia
chairman and deputy chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural, Presidium of the People's Great Hural, chairman of the Council of Ministers, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Central America and the Caribbean
31 entriesAntigua and Barbuda
- British monarch,
- governor general,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Cabinet
Cuba
- president of the Council of State,
- first vice president of the Council of State,
- Council of State,
- president of the Council of Ministers,
- first vice president of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Netherlands Antilles
- Dutch monarch,
- governor,
- prime minister,
- vice prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
St. Kitts and Nevis now Saint Kitts and Nevis
- British monarch,
- governor general,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Cabinet
St. Vincent and the Grenadines now Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- British monarch,
- governor general,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Europe
37 entriesAlbania
- president of the Presidium of the People's Assembly, three vice presidents, Presidium of the People's Assembly;
- chairman of the Council of Ministers, three deputy chairmen, Council of Ministers
Andorra
- two co-princes (president of France, bishop of Seo de Urgel in Spain),
- two designated representatives (French veguer, Episcopal veguer),
- two permanent delegates (French prefect for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales, Spanish vicar general for the Seo de Urgel diocese),
- president of government,
- Executive Council
Bulgaria
- president,
- chairman of the Council of Ministers,
- four deputy chairmen of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Czechoslovakia
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State--President Vaclav HAVEL (since 28 December 1989);
- Head of Government--Premier Marian CALFA (since 10 December 1989);
- First Deputy Premier Valtr KOMAREK (since 7 December 1989);
- Jan CARNOGURSKY (since 7 December 1989)
Faroe Islands
- Danish monarch,
- high commissioner,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Cabinet (Landsstyri)
German Democratic Republic
Published as “Executive branch”
Council of State abolished on 5 April 1990, post of president to be created; chairman of the Council of Ministers, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State--Acting President of the People's Chamber Sabine BERGMANN-POHL (since 5 April 1990);
- Head of Government--Chairman of the Council of Ministers Lothar DE MAIZIERE (since 12 April 1990);
- Deputy Chairman Peter-Michael DIESTEL (since 16 April 1990) Alliance for Germany--Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Lothar de Maiziere, chairman;
- German Social Union (DSU), Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling, chairman;
- and Democratic Awakening (DA), Rainer Eppelmann, chairman;
- Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Markus Meckel, acting chairman;
- Party for Democratic Socialism (PDS, former Communist), Gregor Gysi, chairman;
- League of Free Democrats (BFD)--Liberals, Rainer Ortleb, chairman;
- Free Democratic Party (FDP), Bruno Menzel, chairman;
- and German Forum Party (DFP), Juergen Schmieder, chairman;
- Alliance '90--New Forum, Baerbel Bohley, Jens Reich, Sebastian Pflugbeil, spokespersons;
- Democracy Now, Konrad Weiss, spokesperson;
- and United Left, Herbert Misslitz, spokesperson;
- Greens Party (GP), Vera Wollenberger, spokesperson;
- Democratic Peasants' Party (DBD), Guenther Maleuda, chairman
Gibraltar
- British monarch,
- governor,
- chief minister,
- Gibraltar Council,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Man, Isle of now Isle of Man
- British monarch,
- lieutenant governor,
- prime minister,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Portugal
- president,
- Council of State,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Romania
president, vice president, prime minister, and Council of Ministers (cabinet) appointed by provisional government
San Marino
- two captains regent, Congress of State (cabinet);
- real executive power is wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state for internal affairs
Spain
- monarch,
- president of the government (prime minister),
- deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet),
- Council of State
Yugoslavia
Published as “Executive branch”
- president of the Collective State Presidency,
- vice president of the Collective State Presidency,
- Collective State Presidency,
- president of the Federal Executive Council,
- two vice presidents of the Federal Executive Council,
- Federal Executive Council
Published as “Elections”
direct national elections probably will be held in late 1990
Middle East
16 entriesBahrain
Published as “Executive branch”
- amir,
- crown prince and heir apparent,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
none
Cyprus
president, Council of Ministers (cabinet); note--there is a president, prime minister, and Council of Ministers (cabinet) in the Turkish area
Iraq
- president,
- vice president,
- chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council,
- vice chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council,
- prime minister,
- first deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers
Lebanon
president, prime minister, Cabinet; note--by custom, the president is a Maronite Christian, the prime minister is a Sunni Muslim, and the president of the legislature is a Shia Muslim
Oman
Published as “Executive branch”
- sultan,
- Cabinet,
- State Consultative Assembly
Published as “Elections”
none
Saudi Arabia
Published as “Executive branch”
- monarch and prime minister,
- crown prince and deputy prime minister,
- Council of Ministers
Published as “Elections”
none
Syria
- president,
- three vice presidents,
- prime minister,
- three deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
United Arab Emirates
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- vice president,
- Supreme Council of Rulers,
- prime minister,
- Council of Ministers
Published as “Elections”
none
Yemen Arab Republic
- president,
- vice president,
- prime minister,
- four deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Yemen, People's Democratic Republic of now People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
- president,
- prime minister,
- two deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers
North America
5 entriesBermuda
- British monarch,
- governor,
- deputy governor,
- premier,
- deputy premier,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Oceania
25 entriesCook Islands
- British monarch,
- representative of the UK,
- representative of New Zealand,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- Cabinet
Fiji
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- prime minister,
- Cabinet
Published as “Elections”
none
French Polynesia
- French president,
- high commissioner of the republic,
- president of the Council of Ministers,
- vice president of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Micronesia, Federated States of now Federated States of Micronesia
- president,
- vice president,
- Cabinet
Norfolk Island
- British monarch,
- governor general of Australia,
- administrator,
- Executive Council (cabinet)
Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the now Palau
- US president,
- US vice president,
- national president,
- national vice president
Papua New Guinea
- British monarch,
- governor general,
- prime minister,
- deputy prime minister,
- National Executive Council (cabinet)
Tokelau
Published as “Executive branch”
administrator (appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs in New Zealand), official secretary
Published as “Elections”
NA
Wallis and Futuna
French president, high administrator; note--there are three traditional kings with limited powers
South America
14 entriesBolivia
Published as “Executive branch”
- president,
- vice president,
- Cabinet
Published as “Leaders”
Chief of State and Head of Government--President Jaime PAZ Zamora (since 6 August 1989); Vice President Luis OSSIO Sanjines (since 6 August 1989)
Guyana
- executive president,
- first vice president,
- prime minister,
- first deputy prime minister,
- Cabinet
Suriname
- president,
- vice president and prime minister,
- Cabinet of Ministers,
- Council of State;
- note--commander in chief of the National Army maintains significant power
Southeast Asia
15 entriesBurma now Burma (Myanmar)
chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council, State Law and Order Restoration Council
Cambodia
- CGDK--president,
- prime minister;
- PRK--chairman of the Council of State,
- Council of State,
- chairman of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Christmas Island
- British monarch,
- governor general of Australia,
- administrator,
- Advisory Council (cabinet)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Published as “Executive branch”
- British monarch,
- governor general of Australia,
- administrator,
- chairman of the Islands Council
Published as “Leaders”
- Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952);
- Head of Government--Administrator D. LAWRIE (since NA 1989);
- Chairman of the Islands Council Parson Bin YAPAT (since NA)
Published as “Elections”
NA
Laos
- president,
- chairman and five vice chairmen of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Taiwan
- president,
- vice president,
- premier of the Executive Yuan,
- vice premier of the Executive Yuan,
- Executive Yuan
Thailand
- monarch,
- prime minister,
- three deputy prime ministers,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet),
- Privy Council
Vietnam
- chairman of the Council of State,
- Council of State,
- chairman of the Council of Ministers,
- Council of Ministers
Cite this page
Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook 1990, “Executive branch”, all entries. Archived by The Factbook, thefactbook.org/fields/executive-branch/1990.